如何使用已安装的hstore扩展名创建新数据库？ [英] How to create a new database with the hstore extension already installed?

问题描述

最近我遇到了麻烦，试图在Django中使用hstore。我以这种方式安装了hstore：

Recently I went into trouble trying to use hstore with Django. I installed hstore this way:

$ sudo -u postgres psql
postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION hstore;
WARNING:  => is deprecated as an operator name
DETAIL:  This name may be disallowed altogether in future versions of PostgreSQL.
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# \dx
                           List of installed extensions
  Name   | Version |   Schema   |                   Description                    
---------+---------+------------+--------------------------------------------------
 hstore  | 1.0     | public     | data type for storing sets of (key, value) pairs
 plpgsql | 1.0     | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
(2 rows)

天真地以为我的新数据库会包括hstore。情况并非如此：

And naively thought that my new databases would include hstore. That ain't the case:

$ createdb dbtest
$ psql -d dbtest -c '\dx'
                 List of installed extensions
  Name   | Version |   Schema   |         Description          
---------+---------+------------+------------------------------
 plpgsql | 1.0     | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
(1 row)

是否有一种自动拥有hstore的方法

Is there a way to automatically have hstore in a newly created database ?

推荐答案

长话短说：

在template1数据库中安装hstore：

Install hstore in the template1 database:

psql -d template1 -c 'create extension hstore;'

---

分步说明：

如 PostgreSQL文档：

创建扩展会加载新的扩展名添加到当前数据库中。

CREATE EXTENSION loads a new extension into the current database.

安装扩展名是特定于数据库的。以下内容将返回您当前的数据库名称：

Installing an extension is database-specific. The following returns you the current database name:

$ psql -c 'select current_database()'
 current_database 
------------------
 username
(1 row)

如果您有一个以用户名命名的数据库。现在使用 dbtest ：

In case you have a database named after your username. Now with dbtest:

$ psql -d dbtest -c 'select current_database()'
 current_database 
------------------
 dbtest
(1 row)

好，知道了。现在，要创建安装了hstore的新数据库，您必须将其安装在 template1 数据库中。根据文档：

Ok, you got it. Now, to create new databases with hstore installed, you'll have to install it in the template1 database. According to the doc:

CREATE DATABASE实际上是通过复制现有数据库来工作的。默认情况下，它会复制名为template1的标准系统数据库。

CREATE DATABASE actually works by copying an existing database. By default, it copies the standard system database named template1.

让我们这样做：

$ psql -d template1 -c 'create extension hstore;'

并检查其是否有效：

$ createdb dbtest
$ psql -d dbtest -c '\dx'
                 List of installed extensions
  Name   | Version |   Schema   |                   Description                    
---------+---------+------------+--------------------------------------------------
 hstore  | 1.0     | public     | data type for storing sets of (key, value) pairs
 plpgsql | 1.0     | pg_catalog | PL/pgSQL procedural language
(2 rows)

完成！

这篇关于如何使用已安装的hstore扩展名创建新数据库？的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！