如何在现有模型上激活不重要的扩展名 [英] How can I activate the unaccent extension on an already existing model

问题描述

当我尝试安装 unaccent Postgres扩展名（通过 postgresql-contrib 软件包）时，一切正常每个以下内容：

When I try to install the unaccent Postgres extension (through the postgresql-contrib package), everything works as per the below:

# psql -U postgres -W -h localhost
Password for user postgres:
psql (9.3.9)
SSL connection (cipher: DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384, bits: 256)
Type "help" for help.

postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION unaccent;
CREATE EXTENSION
postgres=# SELECT unaccent('Hélène');
 unaccent
----------
 Helene
(1 row)

但是，当我尝试使用Django 1.8时，出现以下错误：

However, when I try to use with Django 1.8, I get following error:

ProgrammingError: function unaccent(character varying) does not exist
LINE 1: ...able" WHERE ("my_table"."live" = true AND UNACCENT("...
                                                             ^
HINT:  No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.

使用Postgresql 9.3和Django 1.8。

Using Postgresql 9.3 and Django 1.8.

推荐答案

需要手动制作和应用迁移文件。

A migration file needs to be manually made and applied.

首先，创建一个空迁移：

First, create an empty migration:

./manage.py makemigrations myapp --empty

然后打开文件并将 UnaccentExtension 添加到操作：

Then open the file and add UnaccentExtension to operations:

from django.contrib.postgres.operations import UnaccentExtension


class Migration(migrations.Migration):

    dependencies = [
        (<snip>)
    ]

    operations = [
        UnaccentExtension()
    ]

现在使用 ./ manage.py migration 来应用迁移。

如果在最后一步中出现以下错误：

If you'd get following error during that last step:

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: permission denied to create extension "unaccent"
HINT:  Must be superuser to create this extension.

...然后通过执行 postgres＃临时为您的用户授予超级用户权限ALTER ROLE<用户名> SUPERUSER； 及其对应的 NOSUPERUSER 。 pgAdminIII也可以做到这一点。

... then temporarily allow superuser rights to your user by performing postgres# ALTER ROLE <user_name> SUPERUSER; and its NOSUPERUSER counterpart. pgAdminIII can do this, too.

现在可以使用Django享受令人赞叹的功能：

Now enjoy the unaccent functionality using Django:

>>> Person.objects.filter(first_name__unaccent=u"Helène")
[<Person: Michels Hélène>]

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