python 2.7至python 3.4错误％不支持的操作数类型：“字节”和“字典” [英] python 2.7 to python 3.4 error unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'bytes' and 'dict'

问题描述

我从如何从SQLAlchemy表达式中获取原始的，已编译的SQL查询？，在我们从Python 2.7迁移到Python 3.4之前，它一直运行良好。尽管进行了

I got the following code from How do I get a raw, compiled SQL query from a SQLAlchemy expression? and it worked fine until we moved from Python 2.7 to Python 3.4. I've made a few changes though I'm stuck on

return (comp.string.encode(enc) % params).decode(enc)

，错误的错误操作数类型不支持％：'bytes'和'dict'

with the error unsupported operand type(s) for %: 'bytes' and 'dict'

def compile_query(query):
    dialect = query.session.bind.dialect
    statement = query.statement
    comp = compiler.SQLCompiler(dialect, statement)
    comp.compile()
    enc = dialect.encoding
    params = {}
    for k,v in comp.params.iteritems():
        if isinstance(v, unicode):
            v = v.encode(enc)
        params[k] = sqlescape(v)
    return (comp.string.encode(enc) % params).decode(enc)

推荐答案

感谢评论，我将其移植到python 3

Thanks to the comments, I ported it to python 3

def compile_query(query):
    dialect = query.session.bind.dialect
    statement = query.statement
    comp = compiler.SQLCompiler(dialect, statement)
    comp.compile()
    enc = dialect.encoding
    params = {}
    for k,v in comp.params.items():
        if isinstance(v, str):
            v = v.encode(enc)
        params[k] = sqlescape(v)
    return (comp.string % params)

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