如何使用CodeDOM定位特定的语言版本？ [英] How can I target a specific language version using CodeDOM?

问题描述

我使用C＃代码提供程序和 ICodeCompiler.CompileAssemblyFromSource 方法，尝试编译代码文件以生成可执行程序集。

Using the C# code provider and the ICodeCompiler.CompileAssemblyFromSource method, I am attempting to compile a code file in order to produce an executable assembly.

我要编译的代码利用了诸如可选参数和扩展方法之类的功能，这些功能仅在使用C＃4语言时才可用。

The code that I would like to compile makes use of features such as optional parameters and extension methods that are only available when using the language C# 4.

话虽如此，我想编译的代码只需要（和需求）以.NET Framework 2.0版为目标。

Having said that, the code that I would like to compile only requires (and needs) to target version 2.0 of the .NET Framework.

使用后续代码可以避免任何与语法有关的编译时错误，但是，生成的程序集将以该框架的版本4.0是不可取的。

Using the proceeding code it is possible to avoid any compile-time errors pertaining to syntax however, the resulting assembly will target version 4.0 of the framework which is undesirable.

var compiler = new CSharpCodeProvider(
        new Dictionary<string, string> { { "CompilerVersion", "v4.0" } } );

我该怎么做，以使代码提供者可以定位到语言版本4.0但是生成的装配只需要 framework 的2.0版？

How can I make is so that the code provider targets language version 4.0 but produces an assembly that only requires version 2.0 of the framework?

推荐答案

您需要使用以下命令指示要链接到另一个mscorlib.dll的C＃编译器（CSharpCodeProvider间接使用）。 / nostdlib选项。这是应该执行的示例：

You need to instruct the C# compiler (that CSharpCodeProvider uses indirectly) that you want to link to another mscorlib.dll, using the /nostdlib option. Here is a sample that should do it:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    // defines references
    List<string> references = new List<string>();

    // get a reference to the mscorlib you want
    var mscorlib_2_x86 = Path.Combine(
                         Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.Windows),
                         @"Microsoft.NET\Framework\v2.0.50727\mscorlib.dll");
    references.Add(mscorlib_2_x86);

    // ... add other references (System.dll, etc.)

    var provider = new CSharpCodeProvider(
                   new Dictionary<string, string> { { "CompilerVersion", "v4.0" } });
    var parameters = new CompilerParameters(references.ToArray(), "program.exe");
    parameters.GenerateExecutable = true;

    // instruct the compiler not to use the default mscorlib
    parameters.CompilerOptions = "/nostdlib";              

    var results = provider.CompileAssemblyFromSource(parameters,
        @"using System;

        class Program
        {
            static void Main(string[] args)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(""Hello world from CLR version: "" + Environment.Version);
            }
        }");
}

如果运行此命令，它将编译一个program.exe文件。如果运行该文件，它将显示以下内容：

If you run this, it should compile a program.exe file. If you run that file, it should display something like this:

Hello world from CLR version: 2.0.50727.7905

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