Python如何使用[[System.Console] :: OutputEncoding / InputEncoding`？ [英] How `[System.Console]::OutputEncoding/InputEncoding` with Python?

问题描述

在Powershell v5，Windows 8.1，Python 3中。为什么这些失败以及如何解决？

Under Powershell v5, Windows 8.1, Python 3. Why these fails and how to fix?

[system.console]::InputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8; 
[system.console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8; 
chcp; 
"import sys
print(sys.stdout.encoding)
print(sys.stdin.encoding)
sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.readline())
" | 
sc test.py -Encoding utf8; 
[char]0x0422+[char]0x0415+[char]0x0421+[char]0x0422+"`n" | py -3 test.py

打印：

Active code page: 65001
cp65001
cp1251
п»ї????

推荐答案

您正在将数据传递到Python中；那时，Python的 stdin 不再附加到TTY（您的控制台）上，并且不会猜测编码可能是什么。而是使用默认的系统区域设置。在系统上的cp1251（基于Windows Latin-1的代码页）上。

You are piping data into Python; at that point Python's stdin is no longer attached to a TTY (your console) and won't guess at what the encoding might be. Instead, the default system locale is used; on your system that's cp1251 (the Windows Latin-1-based codepage).

设置 PYTHONIOENCODING 环境变量来覆盖：

Set the PYTHONIOENCODING environment variable to override:

PYTHONIOENCODING

如果在运行解释器之前设置了该值，它将覆盖stdin / stdout / stderr中使用的编码。语法 encodingname：errorhandler 。 编码名和：errorhandler 部分都是可选的，其含义与 str .encode（）。

PYTHONIOENCODING
If this is set before running the interpreter, it overrides the encoding used for stdin/stdout/stderr, in the syntax encodingname:errorhandler. Both the encodingname and the :errorhandler parts are optional and have the same meaning as in str.encode().

PowerShell似乎不支持每个命令行环境变量， UNIX Shell的方式；最简单的方法是先设置变量：

PowerShell doesn't appear to support per-command-line environment variables the way UNIX shells do; the easiest is to just set the variable first:

Set-Item Env:PYTHONIOENCODING "UTF-8"

甚至

Set-Item Env:PYTHONIOENCODING "cp65001"

因为Windows UTF-8代码页显然不是确实 UTF-8，取决于Windows版本以及是否使用管道重定向。

as the Windows UTF-8 codepage is apparently not quite UTF-8 really, depending on the Windows version and on wether or not pipe redirection is used.

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