django rest框架抽象类序列化器 [英] django rest framework abstract class serializer

问题描述

我有一些这样的模型：

class TypeBase(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    class Meta:
        abstract=True

class PersonType(TypeBase):
    pass

class CompanyType(TypeBase):
    pass

有了这个，我只想创建一个包含所有内容的序列化器这些字段类型（序列化，反序列化，更新和保存）。

Having this, I want to create just one serializer that holds all these field types (serialization, deserialization, update and save).

更具体地说，我只希望一个序列化程序（TypeBaseSerializer）在UI上打印Dropdown，进行序列化json响应，在发布时反序列化并保存为我所有的基础类型。

To be more specific, I want only one serializer (TypeBaseSerializer) that print the Dropdown on the UI, serialize the json response, deserialize it on post and save it for all my based types.

类似这样的东西：

class TypeBaseSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    class Meta:
        model = TypeBase
        fields = ('id', 'name')

有可能吗？

推荐答案

您不能使用一个 ModelSerializer 具有抽象的基本模型。
来自restframework.serializers：

You can't use a ModelSerializer with an abstract base model. From restframework.serializers:

if model_meta.is_abstract_model(self.Meta.model):
        raise ValueError(
            'Cannot use ModelSerializer with Abstract Models.'
        )

I为类似的问题写了一个serializer_factory函数：

I wrote a serializer_factory function for a similar problem:

from collections import OrderedDict
from restframework.serializers import ModelSerializer
def serializer_factory(mdl, fields=None, **kwargss):
""" Generalized serializer factory to increase DRYness of code.

:param mdl: The model class that should be instanciated
:param fields: the fields that should be exclusively present on the serializer
:param kwargss: optional additional field specifications
:return: An awesome serializer
"""

    def _get_declared_fields(attrs):
        fields = [(field_name, attrs.pop(field_name))
                  for field_name, obj in list(attrs.items())
                  if isinstance(obj, Field)]
        fields.sort(key=lambda x: x[1]._creation_counter)
        return OrderedDict(fields)

    # Create an object that will look like a base serializer
    class Base(object):
        pass

    Base._declared_fields = _get_declared_fields(kwargss)

    class MySerializer(Base, ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = mdl

        if fields:
            setattr(Meta, "fields", fields)

    return MySerializer

然后您可以根据需要使用工厂生成序列化器：

You can then use the factory to produce serializers as needed:

def typebase_serializer_factory(mdl):
    myserializer = serializer_factory(
        mdl,fields=["id","name"],
        #owner=HiddenField(default=CurrentUserDefault()),#Optional additional configuration for subclasses 
      )
    return myserializer

现在实例化不同的子类序列化器：

Now instanciate different subclass serializers:

persontypeserializer = typebase_serializer_factory(PersonType)
companytypeserializer = typebase_serializer_factory(CompanyType)

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