在Python中创建一个螺旋数组？ [英] creating a spiral array in python?

问题描述

我和我的同伴试图用python创建一个有趣的游戏，其中以螺旋方式访问数组中输入的元素。我尝试了以下几种方法（

解决方案

您可以通过在矩阵中心附近开始并始终向右转（除非已经访问过该元素）来构建螺旋：

 ＃！/ usr / bin / env python 
 NORTH，S，W，E =（0，-1），（0，1），（ -1，0），（1，0）＃方向
 turn_right = {NORTH：E，E：S，S：W，W：NORTH}＃old->新方向
 
 def螺旋（宽度，高度）：
如果width< 1或高度< 1：
引发ValueError 
x，y =宽度// 2，高度// 2＃在中心附近开始
 dx，dy = NORTH＃初始方向
矩阵= [[无] * _的宽度（范围（高度））
计数= 0 
而True：
计数+ = 1 
矩阵[y] [x] =计数＃访问
＃尝试右移
 new_dx，new_dy = turn_right [dx，dy] 
 new_x，new_y = x + new_dx，y + new_dy 
 if（0< = new_x< width并且0< = new_y<高度和
 matrix [new_y] [new_x]为None）：＃可以右移
x，y = new_x，new_y 
 dx，dy = new_dx，new_dy 
 else：＃尝试直线移动
x，y = x + dx，y + dy 
如果不是（0< = x<宽度和0< = y<高度） ：
返回矩阵＃无处可去
 
 def print_matrix（matrix）：
 width = len（str（max（el for el in array in the row in el in row in if el not无）））
 fmt = {：0％dd}矩阵中行的％宽度
：
 print（ .join（ _ *宽度，如果el为None，则为el in fmt.format（el）） ）
  

示例：

 >>> print_matrix（spiral（5，5））
 21 22 23 24 25 
 20 07 08 09 10 
 19 06 01 02 11 
 18 05 04 03 12 
 17 16 15 14 13 
  

Me and my mate were trying to create a fun game in python where the elements entered in the array are accessed in a spiral manner. I have tried few methods like one given below (source).

def spiral(X, Y):
  x = y = 0
  dx = 0
  dy = -1
  for i in range(max(X, Y)**2):
    if (-X/2 < x <= X/2) and (-Y/2 < y <= Y/2):
        print (x, y)
        # DO STUFF...
    if x == y or (x < 0 and x == -y) or (x > 0 and x == 1-y):
        dx, dy = -dy, dx
    x, y = x+dx, y+dy

The above statement accesses the elements in spiral loop and prints them for a defined array AE. I would like to know how can I transform a given array AE to a spiral one

解决方案

You can build a spiral by starting near the center of the matrix and always turning right unless the element has been visited already:

#!/usr/bin/env python
NORTH, S, W, E = (0, -1), (0, 1), (-1, 0), (1, 0) # directions
turn_right = {NORTH: E, E: S, S: W, W: NORTH} # old -> new direction

def spiral(width, height):
    if width < 1 or height < 1:
        raise ValueError
    x, y = width // 2, height // 2 # start near the center
    dx, dy = NORTH # initial direction
    matrix = [[None] * width for _ in range(height)]
    count = 0
    while True:
        count += 1
        matrix[y][x] = count # visit
        # try to turn right
        new_dx, new_dy = turn_right[dx,dy]
        new_x, new_y = x + new_dx, y + new_dy
        if (0 <= new_x < width and 0 <= new_y < height and
            matrix[new_y][new_x] is None): # can turn right
            x, y = new_x, new_y
            dx, dy = new_dx, new_dy
        else: # try to move straight
            x, y = x + dx, y + dy
            if not (0 <= x < width and 0 <= y < height):
                return matrix # nowhere to go

def print_matrix(matrix):
    width = len(str(max(el for row in matrix for el in row if el is not None)))
    fmt = "{:0%dd}" % width
    for row in matrix:
        print(" ".join("_"*width if el is None else fmt.format(el) for el in row))

Example:

>>> print_matrix(spiral(5, 5))
21 22 23 24 25
20 07 08 09 10
19 06 01 02 11
18 05 04 03 12
17 16 15 14 13

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