“私有”，“公开”和“受保护的方法”之间有什么区别？ [英] What are the differences between "private", "public", and "protected methods"?

问题描述

我正在学习Ruby，结果使我感到困惑。

I'm learning Ruby, and have come up to a point where I am confused.

我正在使用的书是在谈论私有，公共和受保护的方法，但我仍然有些困惑。两者之间有什么区别？

The book I am using is talking about private, public, and protected methods, but I am still a bit confused. What are the differences between each?

推荐答案

公共-可以在任何地方调用

Public - can be called from anywhere

私有-无法在类范围之外调用该方法。对象只能将消息发送给自己

Private - The method cannot be called outside class scope. The object can only send the message to itself

例如：面包师将 bake 方法设置为公开，但 break_eggs 是私有的

ex: the baker has bake method as public but break_eggs is private

受保护的-只要默认对象可以调用对象的受保护方法 self 是与您要调用其方法的对象相同类的实例

Protected - You can call an object's protected methods as long as the default object self is an instance of the same class as the object whose method you're calling

ex：其中 n 受保护的方法， c1 可以要求 c2 执行 c2.n ，因为 c1 和 c2 都是同一个实例class

ex: with n protected method, c1 can ask c2 to execute c2.n, because c1 and c2 are both instances of the same class

最后但并非最不重要：

• 继承：子类继承其父类的方法访问规则

• Inheritance: Subclasses inherit the method-access rules of their superclass

如果类D< C，则D将展示出与C实例相同的访问行为

if "class D < C", then D will exhibit the same access behaviour as instances of C

引用： http：// www.amazon.com/Ruby-Rails-Techniques-Developers/dp/1932394699

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