WCF / WebService：可互操作的异常处理 [英] WCF/WebService: Interoperable exception handling

问题描述

我知道WCF会将异常转换为错误并将其作为SOAP消息发送回去，但是我想知道这是否真正可互操作。我想我很难解决这个可能的情况：

I understand that WCF will convert an exception into a fault and send it back as a SOAP message, but I was wondering if this is truly interoperable. I guess I'm having a tough time trying to figure out this possible scenario:

1. 客户端（Java）调用WCF服务
   （LoginService）。


2. 服务器检查正确的授权，用户授权失败。


3. 服务器抛出UnauthorizedAccessException。


4. WCF以某种方式将其转换为Fault。 （*-另请参见）


5. 客户端必须能够知道如何读取此故障。

1. Client (Java) calls a WCF Service (LoginService).
2. Server checks for proper authorization, user authorization fails.
3. Server throws an UnauthorizedAccessException.
4. WCF converts this into a Fault somehow. (* - See Below As Well)
5. Client has to be able to know how to read this Fault.

我想我很难理解它如何仍可互操作，因为它期望Java知道如何转换.NET从UnauthorizedAccessException编码的SOAP Fault。

I guess I'm just having a tough time understanding how this could still be interoperable because it is expecting Java to know how to translate a SOAP Fault that .NET encodes from an UnauthorizedAccessException.

• 此外，.NET实际如何将异常转换为故障，作为故障代码，名称等内容输入。某些情况似乎是 du 就像故障名称可能是 UnauthorizedAccessException一样，但我宁可肯定而不是猜测。

推荐答案

没有自动转换。当您遇到未处理的异常时，WCF将返回错误（我忘记了哪个错误）。但是由于您没有声明该错误，因此即使返回错误，很多（即使不是大多数）客户端也会失败。

There is no "automatic conversion". WCF will return a fault (I forget which one) when you have an unhandled exception. But since you didn't declare that fault, many, if not most, clients will fail if you return it.

您应定义自己的错误并返回他们代替。考虑：

You are meant to define your own faults and to return them instead. Consider:

[DataContract]
public class MySpecialFault
{
    public string MyMessage { get; set; }
}

[ServiceContract]
public interface IMyService
{
    [FaultContract(typeof (MySpecialFault))]
    [OperationContract]
    void MyOperation();
}

public class MyService : IMyService
{
    public void MyOperation()
    {
        try
        {
            // Do something interesting
        }
        catch (SomeExpectedException ex)
        {
            throw new FaultException<MySpecialFault>(
                new MySpecialFault {MyMessage = String.Format("Sorry, but {0}", ex.Message)});
        }
    }
}

任何能够处理故障的客户端会处理这个。 WSDL将定义故障，并且他们将看到带有包含已发送的MySpecialFault实例的序列化版本的Detail元素的故障。他们将能够读取该实例的所有属性。

Any client capable of handling faults will deal with this. The WSDL will define the fault, and they will see a fault with the Detail element containing a serialized version of the MySpecialFault instance that was sent. They'll be able to read all the properties of that instance.

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