使用Django Admin操作发送批量电子邮件 [英] Using Django Admin Actions to send bulk emails
问题描述
我正在寻找一种通过Django Admin Action向用户发送批量电子邮件的方法.到目前为止，这是我所拥有的:
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
list_display = ['username', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_active', staff]
list_filter = ['groups', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser', 'is_active']
actions = ['send_EMAIL']
def send_EMAIL(self, request, queryset):
from django.core.mail import send_mail
for i in queryset:
if i.email:
send_mail('Subject here', 'Here is the message.', 'from@example.com',[i.email], fail_silently=False)
else:
self.message_user(request, "Mail sent successfully ")
send_EMAIL.short_description = "Send an email to selected users"
这很好，但是！我必须每次都对实际消息进行硬编码.如果我可以使它动态化怎么办?我不需要每次都发送大量电子邮件来更改来自admin.py的消息，而是为什么不创建一个中间Django管理员操作页面，该页面具有一个空的Text输入字段，我可以在其中编写一条新消息来发送一次呢?
这怎么办?我正在寻找一个非常详细的答案，而不是开放式的和通用的.
您处在正确的轨道上.这是我对django管理员操作的实现，该操作使您可以向选定的用户写消息. (我知道这太迟了，但可能会对其他人有所帮助.)
发送电子邮件功能:
def send_email(self, request, queryset):
form = SendEmailForm(initial={'users': queryset})
return render(request, 'users/send_email.html', {'form': form})
send_email.html模板(我从django确认删除视图中借用了此标记，您可能想在这里做些不同的事情)
{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% load i18n admin_urls static %}
{% block bodyclass %}{{ block.super }} app-{{ opts.app_label }} model-{{ opts.model_name }} delete-confirmation{% endblock %}
{% block breadcrumbs %}
<div class="breadcrumbs">
<a href="{% url 'admin:index' %}">{% trans 'Home' %}</a>
› <a href="{% url 'admin:app_list' app_label='users' %}">{% trans "Users" %}</a>
› <a href="{% url 'admin:users_user_changelist' %}">{% trans "Users" %}</a>
› <span>Send email</span>
</div>
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<p>{% blocktrans %}Write your message here{% endblocktrans %}</p>
<form method="POST" action="{% url 'users:email' %}">{% csrf_token %}
<div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.users.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.users.label_tag }}</p>
<p>
{% for user in form.users.initial %}
{{ user.email }}{% if not forloop.last %}, {% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</p>
<select name="users" multiple style="display: none">
{% for user in form.users.initial %}
<option value="{{ user.id }}" selected>{{ user }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.subject.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.subject.label_tag }}</p>
<p>{{ form.subject }}</p>
</div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.message.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.message.label_tag }}</p>
<p>{{ form.message }}</p>
</div>
<input type="submit" value="{% trans 'Send message' %}" />
<a href="{% url 'admin:users_user_changelist' %}" class="button cancel-link">{% trans "No, take me back" %}</a>
</div>
</form>
{% endblock %}
发送电子邮件表单类:
class SendEmailForm(forms.Form):
subject = forms.CharField(
widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': _('Subject')}))
message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea)
users = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(label="To",
queryset=User.objects.all(),
widget=forms.SelectMultiple())
最后是发送电子邮件视图+ url conf:
# url pattern
url(
regex=r'^email-users/$',
view=views.SendUserEmails.as_view(),
name='email'
),
# SendUserEmails view class
class SendUserEmails(IsStaff, FormView):
template_name = 'users/send_email.html'
form_class = SendEmailForm
success_url = reverse_lazy('admin:users_user_changelist')
def form_valid(self, form):
users = form.cleaned_data['users']
subject = form.cleaned_data['subject']
message = form.cleaned_data['message']
email_users.delay(users, subject, message)
user_message = '{0} users emailed successfully!'.format(form.cleaned_data['users'].count())
messages.success(self.request, user_message)
return super(SendUserEmails, self).form_valid(form)
此实现对我来说效果很好.这是中间视图的样子:
如果您没有名为users的应用程序或名为User的模型，则可能必须更改模板中的一些内容，以在其中构建面包屑或视图的反向URL./p>
I'm looking for a way to send bulk emails to users from a Django Admin Action. This is what I have thus far:
class MyUserAdmin(UserAdmin):
list_display = ['username', 'email', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'is_active', staff]
list_filter = ['groups', 'is_staff', 'is_superuser', 'is_active']
actions = ['send_EMAIL']
def send_EMAIL(self, request, queryset):
from django.core.mail import send_mail
for i in queryset:
if i.email:
send_mail('Subject here', 'Here is the message.', 'from@example.com',[i.email], fail_silently=False)
else:
self.message_user(request, "Mail sent successfully ")
send_EMAIL.short_description = "Send an email to selected users"
This is fine but! I have to hardcode the actual message every single time. What if I could make it Dynamic? Instead of changing the message from the admin.py every single time I need to send a bulk email, why not create an intermediate Django admin action page that has a empty Text input field where I can write a new message to send every single time?
How can this be done? I'm looking for a well detailed answer that is not open ended and generic.
You are on the right track. Here is my implementation of a django admin action that allows you to write a message to the selected users. (I know this is super late but might help someone else).
send_email function:
def send_email(self, request, queryset):
form = SendEmailForm(initial={'users': queryset})
return render(request, 'users/send_email.html', {'form': form})
send_email.html template (I borrowed the markup from the django confirm delete view for this you may want to do something different here):
{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% load i18n admin_urls static %}
{% block bodyclass %}{{ block.super }} app-{{ opts.app_label }} model-{{ opts.model_name }} delete-confirmation{% endblock %}
{% block breadcrumbs %}
<div class="breadcrumbs">
<a href="{% url 'admin:index' %}">{% trans 'Home' %}</a>
› <a href="{% url 'admin:app_list' app_label='users' %}">{% trans "Users" %}</a>
› <a href="{% url 'admin:users_user_changelist' %}">{% trans "Users" %}</a>
› <span>Send email</span>
</div>
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
<p>{% blocktrans %}Write your message here{% endblocktrans %}</p>
<form method="POST" action="{% url 'users:email' %}">{% csrf_token %}
<div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.users.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.users.label_tag }}</p>
<p>
{% for user in form.users.initial %}
{{ user.email }}{% if not forloop.last %}, {% endif %}
{% endfor %}
</p>
<select name="users" multiple style="display: none">
{% for user in form.users.initial %}
<option value="{{ user.id }}" selected>{{ user }}</option>
{% endfor %}
</select>
</div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.subject.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.subject.label_tag }}</p>
<p>{{ form.subject }}</p>
</div>
<div>
<p>{{ form.message.errors }}</p>
<p>{{ form.message.label_tag }}</p>
<p>{{ form.message }}</p>
</div>
<input type="submit" value="{% trans 'Send message' %}" />
<a href="{% url 'admin:users_user_changelist' %}" class="button cancel-link">{% trans "No, take me back" %}</a>
</div>
</form>
{% endblock %}
send email form class:
class SendEmailForm(forms.Form):
subject = forms.CharField(
widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder': _('Subject')}))
message = forms.CharField(widget=forms.Textarea)
users = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(label="To",
queryset=User.objects.all(),
widget=forms.SelectMultiple())
And finally the send email view + url conf:
# url pattern
url(
regex=r'^email-users/$',
view=views.SendUserEmails.as_view(),
name='email'
),
# SendUserEmails view class
class SendUserEmails(IsStaff, FormView):
template_name = 'users/send_email.html'
form_class = SendEmailForm
success_url = reverse_lazy('admin:users_user_changelist')
def form_valid(self, form):
users = form.cleaned_data['users']
subject = form.cleaned_data['subject']
message = form.cleaned_data['message']
email_users.delay(users, subject, message)
user_message = '{0} users emailed successfully!'.format(form.cleaned_data['users'].count())
messages.success(self.request, user_message)
return super(SendUserEmails, self).form_valid(form)
This implementation worked fine for me. Here is what the intermediate view looks like:
You might have to change a couple of things in the template where I build out the breadcrumbs or the reverse url for the view in case you don't have an app called users or a model called User.
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