自定义模型管理器方法和QuerySet方法之间有什么区别? [英] What's the difference between Custom model manager methods and QuerySet methods?

问题描述

我正在努力使自己成为撰写自定义经理的人.我发现在线文档很少.我玩弄代码，发现了以下模式:

I am trying to get my head around writing Custom managers. I found the online documentation a little sparse. Toying around myself with code, I discovered the following patterns:

给出以下模型...

class QuestionQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
    def QS_first (self):
        return self.first()

class QuestionManager(models.Manager):
    def get_queryset(self):
        return QuestionQuerySet(self.model, using=self._db)

    def MN_first(self):
        return self.get_queryset().first()


class Question(models.Model):
    front = models.ForeignKey('Sentence', related_name='question_fronts')
    ....

然后我得到以下结果...

I then get the following results...

Grammar.objects.filter(stage=1).question_set.MN_first()
<Question: [<Sentence: eve gideceğim>, <Sentence: I will go home>]>

Grammar.objects.filter(stage=1).question_set.QS_first()
AttributeError: 'RelatedManager' object has no attribute 'QS_first'

但是

Question.objects.filter(grammar=1).QS_first()
<Question: [<Sentence: eve gideceğim>, <Sentence: I will go home>]>

Question.objects.filter(grammar=1).MN_first()
AttributeError: 'QuestionQuerySet' object has no attribute 'MN_first'

为什么通过数据库关系访问对象时调用Manager方法，而直接访问对象时调用Queryset方法呢?如果我想要一种可以普遍访问的方法(DRY)，那么最好的解决方案是什么?

Why is it that the Manager methods are called when accessing the object through a DB relationship, but the Queryset methods are called when accessing the object directly? If I want the one method universally accessible (DRY), what would be the best solution?

推荐答案

看看

Have a look at the QuerySet.as_manager() method. It allows you to create a manager from a queryset, so that you don't need to duplicate code in a custom manager and queryset,

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