Django CreateView:在验证之前设置用户 [英] Django CreateView: set user before validation

问题描述

我有一个模型，根据对象是由用户还是由系统创建的，对其名称字段使用不同的验证.

I have a model that uses different validation for its name field depending on whether the object was created by a user or by the system.

class Symbol(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(_('name'), unique=True, max_length=64)
    creator = models.ForeignKey('User', null=True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    def is_system_internal(self):
        """
        whether or not this Symbol belongs to the system rather than having been created by a user
        """
        return (self.creator is None)
    def clean(self):
        """
        ensure that the Symbol's name is valid
        """
        if self.is_system_internal():
            if not re.match("^_[a-zA-Z0-9\-_]+$", self.name):
                raise ValidationError(
                    _("for system-internal symbols, the name must consist of letters, numbers, dashes (-) and underscores (_) and must begin with an underscore."),
                    params = { 'value' : self.name },
                )
        else:
            if not re.match("^[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9\-_]*$", self.name):
                raise ValidationError(
                    _("the symbol name must consist of letters, numbers, dashes (-) and underscores (_) and must begin with a letter."),
                    params = { 'value' : self.name },
                )

我想创建一个Form和一个CreateView，用户可以使用它们创建对象.用户创建此类对象时，应将用户用作创建者"字段值的值.

I want to create a Form and a CreateView with which users can create the objects. When a user creates such an object, the user should be used as the value for the value of the 'creator' field.

当前看起来像这样:

class SymbolCreateForm(forms.ModelForm):
    name = forms.CharField(max_length=Symbol._meta.get_field('name').max_length, required=True)
    class Meta:
        model = Symbol
        fields = ('name',)

class SymbolCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, generic.CreateView):
    form_class = SymbolCreateForm
    template_name = 'main/symbol_create.html'
    def form_valid(self, form):
        # set the creator of the instance to the currently logged in user
        form.instance.creator = self.request.user
        return super(SymbolCreateView, self).form_valid(form)

我这样写是因为这是有关问题的答案:

I wrote it this way because that was the answer to this related question:

不幸的是，它不起作用:视图"仅允许我创建以下划线开头的Symbol，而在此情况下应相反.但是，当我创建符号时，无论如何都正确设置了创建者字段.

Unfortunately, it doesn't work: The View only allows me to create Symbols that start with an underscore, where it should do the opposite. However, when I create a Symbol, the creator field gets set correctly anyway.

我认为问题在于创建者字段仅在clean()方法已经运行之后才设置.

I think the problem is that the creator field only gets set AFTER the clean() method has already run.

在调用clean()方法之前，如何设置创建者字段?

How do I set the creator field BEFORE the clean() method is called?

或者，是否有更好的方法来做我想做的事情? 在我看来，应该有一种更有效的方法来自动化逻辑，即我有两个不同的名称字段验证器，具体取决于创建者字段.

Alternatively, is there a better way to do what I am trying to do? It seems to me like there should be a more effective way to automate the logic that I have two different validator for the name field, the choice of which depends on the creator field.

推荐答案

您可以在get_form_kwargs方法中设置instance.creator.

class SymbolCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, generic.CreateView):
    form_class = SymbolCreateForm

    def get_form_kwargs(self):
        kwargs = super(SymbolCreateView, self).get_form_kwargs()
        if kwargs['instance'] is None:
            kwargs['instance'] = Symbol()
        kwargs['instance'].creator = self.request.user
        return kwargs

检查if kwargs['instance'] is None意味着该代码可同时用于CreateView和UpdateView.

Checking if kwargs['instance'] is None means that the code works with both CreateView and UpdateView.

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