如何从没有属性的XML文件中获取节点并放入字符串列表 [英] How to get nodes from XML file without its attribute and put to a List of string

问题描述

我想显示没有其属性的子节点的标签名称.然后，应将这些标签名称(节点)放入字符串的List中.这是我的XML文件的示例:

I would like to display the tag names of child nodes without its attributes. Then those tag names (nodes) should be put in a List of string. Here's example of my XML file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ROOT>
    <CAR>
        <ID>21</ID>
        <MANUFACTURER>Ford</MANUFACTURER>
        <MODEL>Fiesta</MODEL>
    </CAR>
    <CAR>
        <ID>22</ID>
        <MANUFACTURER>Peugeot</MANUFACTURER>
        <MODEL>508</MODEL>
    </CAR>
</ROOT>

因此，我想在控制台输出中获得的效果如下所示:

So, the effect I want to get in a console output is shown below:

ID
MANUFACTURER
MODEL

然后，我要将ID，MANUFACTURER和MODEL标记名称存储在字符串的List中.

Then I would like to store that ID, MANUFACTURER and MODEL tag names in a List of strings.

这是我到目前为止尝试过的代码:

This is the code that I tried so far:

            XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
            xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = true;
            try
            {
                xmlDocument.Load("XMLFile.xml");
            }
            catch (FileNotFoundException ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex);
            }

            Console.WriteLine(xmlDocument.OuterXml);

            XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDocument.SelectNodes("ROOT/CAR");
            foreach(XmlNode node in nodeList)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(node.ChildNodes);
                xmlNodes.Add(node.ChildNodes.ToString());
            }

问题在于它没有显示我想要的方式.结果，我只得到两个似乎对应于两个<CAR>节点的System.Xml.XmlChildNodes，而不是它的三个子节点，例如ID，MANUFACTURER和MODEL.

The problem is that it's not displaying the way I want to. As a result I only get two System.Xml.XmlChildNodes which seems to be corresponding to two <CAR> nodes, instead of its three child nodes, such as ID, MANUFACTURER and MODEL.

System.Xml.XmlChildNodes
System.Xml.XmlChildNodes

将项目添加到列表中基本上会添加与上述相同的内容.

Adding items to a List basically adds the same thing as shown above.

我在做什么错了?

推荐答案

如果必须使用XmlDocument，则可以-

If you have to use XmlDocument, then you can -

List<string> elements = new List<string>();
XmlNodeList CarNodes = xml.SelectNodes("Root/Car");
foreach(XmlNode c in CarNodes)
{
    foreach(XmlNode n in c.ChildNodes)
    {
        if (!elements.Contains(n.Name))
        {
            elements.Add(n.Name);
        }
    }
}

但是我发现 XDocument 更简单，可读性更好.

But I find XDocument to be much simpler and better readability.

XDocument xdoc = XDocument.Parse(yourXmlString);
List<string> elements = xdoc.Descendants("Car")
                            .DescendantNodes().OfType<XElement>()
                            .Select(x => x.Name).Distinct().ToList();

这就是您所需要的.同样易于阅读，获得汽车"节点的所有后代，并获得其中所有XElement的不同名称.

And thats all you'll need. Easy to read as well, get all the descendants of "Car" Node and get all distinct names of XElements within it.

另一种方法-

List<string> elements = xdoc.Descendants("Car").First()
                            .DescendantNodes().OfType<XElement>()
                            .Select(x => x.Name).ToList();

在这种情况下，我删除了"distinct"，而只获得了第一个Car节点 ONLY .您可以看到差异-如果在任何情况下其他Car节点都具有额外的元素，则您将错过通过这种方式获取信息的机会.

In this case I have removed the "distinct" and rather got just the first Car node ONLY. You can see the difference - if by any case some other Car node has an extra element, you'll miss getting that information by doing it this way.

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