弹簧启动应用程序的外部配置 [英] External configuration for spring-boot application

问题描述

我有一个要使用外部配置文件运行的spring-boot应用程序. 当我将其作为jar(带有嵌入式servlet容器)运行时，一切都很好. 但是我想在外部servlet容器(Tomcat)下运行它，在这里我对外部配置有问题.我尝试了@PropertySource，但是在这种情况下，应用程序仅获得war文件配置中不存在的属性:外部配置不会覆盖内部配置. 那么问题来了:我该如何配置将覆盖内部配置的外部配置?

I have a spring-boot application which I want to run with external configuration file. When I run it as jar (with embedded servlet container), everything is fine. But I want to run it under external servlet container (Tomcat) and here i have problem with external configuration. I have tried a @PropertySource, but in this case application gets only properties absent in war file configuration: external configuration doesn't override internal configuration. So the question: how can I configure external configuration which will override internal configuration?

推荐答案

当您以jar形式运行应用程序时，您可能正在当前目录中以application.properties的形式使用外部配置.但是，在外部雄猫中以战争方式部署时，当前目录"不是很有用.即使您知道当前目录是什么，在该tomcat中运行的所有应用程序的位置也很可能在同一位置，因此，当您运行多个应用程序时，效果就不会很好.

You're probably using external configuration in the form of application.properties in the current directory when you're running your application as a jar. However, "current directory" isn't very useful when deploying as a war in an external tomcat. Even if you find out what the current directory is, it's most likely the same location for all applications running in that tomcat, so when you're running more than one application, that's not going to work very well.

我们在这里所做的是在我们的应用程序中声明两个PropertySources:

What we do here is this declare two PropertySources on our application:

@PropertySources({@PropertySource(value={"classpath:internal.properties"}), @PropertySource(value={"file:${application.properties}"})})

internal.properties包含属性的内置"默认值.第二个PropertySource是包含外部配置的文件.请注意，文件名本身就是一个属性.

internal.properties contains "built in" default values for propeties. The second PropertySource is a file containing external configuration. Note how the name of the file is itself a property.

我们在应用程序的Context元素中(在tomcat中)在外部进行定义:

We define this externally in the Context element of our application (in tomcat):

<Context docBase="/path/to/your/war/your.war">
    <Parameter name="application.properties" value="/path/to/your/properties/application.properties"/>
</Context>

这使您可以在tomcat中运行多个应用程序，每个应用程序都使用其自己的外部属性文件.您甚至可以运行具有不同属性的 same 应用程序的多个实例.

This allows you to have multiple applications running in tomcat, each application using it's own external properties file. You can even have multiple instances of the same application running with different properties.

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