Javascript:声明要全局使用的函数的最佳方法? [英] Javascript : Best way to declare functions to be used globally?

问题描述

我的javascript文件越来越大(超过3000行)，我对如何布局文件和delare函数以使其可以在文件中的任何位置感到困惑.

总结一下，我的JS文件目前看起来像这样:

//ALL GLOBAL VARIABLES FIRST DECLARED HERE
var var1 , var2 ,var3

$(document).ready(function(){

//JQUERY STUFF

});

//ALL FUNCTIONS THAT NEED TO BE GLOBAL DECLARED HERE
function myFunction(){
//do some stuff here
}

我遇到了问题，因为我在某些地方调用的函数似乎在调用时未声明或全局不可用.现在一切都非常混乱！

有人可以建议用带有某些JS函数，对象和变量的大js/jquery文件布局的最佳方法.这些函数可以在文件中的任何地方引用.

更新:

因此，为了简化此正确操作(请参阅我的评论)?

window.MainModule = (function($, win, doc, undefined) {//WHAT IS BEING PASSED IN HERE?
    var foo, bar, modules; //VARIABLES ACCESSIBLE ANYWHERE

    var modules["foobar"] = (function() {//WHAT IS A MODULE? WHEN WOULD I USE A SEPERATE MODULE?
        var someFunction = function() { ... };//DECLARING MY FUNCTIONS?

        ...

        return { 
            init: someFunction,//IS THIS WHERE I USE/BIND MY FUNCTIONS TO EVENTS AND ELEMENTS?
            ... 
        };
    }());

    // hoist a variable into global scope
    window.Global = someLocal;

    return { 
        init: function() {//FUNCTION TO INIT ALL MODULES?
            for (var key in modules) {
                modules[key].init();
            }
        }
    };
}(jQuery, this, document));

解决方案

模块部分的定义不正确，这是一个经过整理的示例.

window.MainModule = (function($, win, doc, undefined) {
    var modules = {};

    // -- Create as many modules as you need ...
    modules["alerter"] = (function(){
        var someFunction = function(){ alert('I alert first'); };

        return { 
            init: someFunction
        };
    }());

    modules["alerter2"] = (function(){
        var someFunction = function(){ alert('I alert second'); };

        return { 
            init: someFunction
        };
    }());

    return { 
        init: function(){
            for (var key in modules){
                modules[key].init();
            }
        }
    };
}(jQuery, this, document));

$(window.MainModule.init);

My javascript file is getting pretty big (3000+ lines) and I'm getting confused as to how to layout my file and delare functions so that they can called anywhere in the file.

To summarise my JS file looks a little like this at the moment:

//ALL GLOBAL VARIABLES FIRST DECLARED HERE
var var1 , var2 ,var3

$(document).ready(function(){

//JQUERY STUFF

});

//ALL FUNCTIONS THAT NEED TO BE GLOBAL DECLARED HERE
function myFunction(){
//do some stuff here
}

I am running into problems with this as some functions I call in places don't seem to be declared at the time of calling or aren't available globaly. It's all very confusing now!

Could someone suggest the best way to layout a big js/jquery file with certain JS Functions, Objects and Variables available to be referenced anywhere in the file.

UPDATE:

So to simplify it this correct (see my comments)?

window.MainModule = (function($, win, doc, undefined) {//WHAT IS BEING PASSED IN HERE?
    var foo, bar, modules; //VARIABLES ACCESSIBLE ANYWHERE

    var modules["foobar"] = (function() {//WHAT IS A MODULE? WHEN WOULD I USE A SEPERATE MODULE?
        var someFunction = function() { ... };//DECLARING MY FUNCTIONS?

        ...

        return { 
            init: someFunction,//IS THIS WHERE I USE/BIND MY FUNCTIONS TO EVENTS AND ELEMENTS?
            ... 
        };
    }());

    // hoist a variable into global scope
    window.Global = someLocal;

    return { 
        init: function() {//FUNCTION TO INIT ALL MODULES?
            for (var key in modules) {
                modules[key].init();
            }
        }
    };
}(jQuery, this, document));

解决方案

The modules section isn't properly defined ... here's a slightly tidied up example.

window.MainModule = (function($, win, doc, undefined) {
    var modules = {};

    // -- Create as many modules as you need ...
    modules["alerter"] = (function(){
        var someFunction = function(){ alert('I alert first'); };

        return { 
            init: someFunction
        };
    }());

    modules["alerter2"] = (function(){
        var someFunction = function(){ alert('I alert second'); };

        return { 
            init: someFunction
        };
    }());

    return { 
        init: function(){
            for (var key in modules){
                modules[key].init();
            }
        }
    };
}(jQuery, this, document));

$(window.MainModule.init);

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