将不带年份的日期转换为儒略日(从年初开始的天数) [英] Convert date without year into Julian day (number of days since start of the year)

问题描述

我有一些日期需要转换为儒略日.这是我的数据

I have some date that I need to convert into Julian days. This is the data I have

date <- c("21-Jul", "14-Jul", "08-Jul", "08-Jul","16-Jul")
class(date)

[1] "character"

我想将date转换为儒略日.因此，对于上述日期，儒略日将是:

I want to convert date into julian days. So for the above dates, the Julian days will be:

date
202,195,189,189,197 

我找到了一个将日期转换为儒略日的函数as.POSIXlt.例如

I found a function as.POSIXlt that converts date into Julian day. For e.g.

tmp <- as.POSIXlt("16Jun10", format = "%d%b%y")
tmp$yday
# [1] 166

但是，这需要按特定的顺序排列，包括我没有的年份.有什么方法可以将我没有字符的日期转换为朱利安(Julian)?

But this needs date in a particular order including year which I do not have. Is there any way to convert my dates which are characters and do not have year in it into Julian?

今年也不是not年.

Also, this year is not a leap year.

儒略日表示一年中的某一天，因此1月1日为1，2月1日为2，依此类推....

Julian days imply the day of the year so 1st Jan is 1, 2nd Jan is 2 and so on....

推荐答案

base R具有函数julian，该函数可以与paste0和as.Date一起生成您要查找的内容.

base R has a function julian that can produce what you are looking for together with paste0 and as.Date.

julian(as.Date(paste0("1970-", date), format="%Y-%d-%b"))
[1] 201 194 188 188 196
attr(,"origin")
[1] "1970-01-01"

请注意，这是从1970年1月1日开始的天数(从0开始)，因此您可以加1以获得所需的结果.

Note that this is counted as number of days from January 1, 1970 (it starts at 0), so you can add 1 to get the desired result.

julian(as.Date(paste0("1970-", date), format="%Y-%d-%b")) + 1
[1] 202 195 189 189 197

我手动检查了1970年不是a年:

I manually checked that 1970 is not a leap year:

seq(as.Date("1970-02-25"), as.Date("1970-03-02"), by="day")
[1] "1970-02-25" "1970-02-26" "1970-02-27" "1970-02-28" "1970-03-01" "1970-03-02"

为了将来参考，也可以使用as.Date的origin参数自行设置起点:

For future reference, it is also possible to set the starting point yourself, using the origin argument to as.Date:

julian(as.Date(paste0("1980-", date), format="%Y-%d-%b"), origin=as.Date("1980-01-01"))
[1] 202 195 189 189 197
attr(,"origin")
[1] "1980-01-01"

应该清楚，可以将原点设置为您希望的任何日期，以便可以用来计算在任何日期之后(或之前)的天数.

As should be clear, origin can be set to any date that you wish, so that this could be used to calculate the number of days following (or preceding) any date.

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