-[CALayer版本]:消息发送到已释放实例 [英] -[CALayer release]: message sent to deallocated instance

问题描述

我的一个视图控制器的loadView:方法中的某些代码有问题.本质上，我有一个视图，该视图以较大的视图为中心(在iPad上)，并且具有一些以编程方式加载到其中的标签，按钮和图标.

I'm having a problem with some code in the loadView: method of one of my view controllers. Essentially I have a view which centres itself in a larger view (on an iPad) and has some labels, buttons and icons which are programmatically loaded into it.

当视图控制器调用dealloc方法并尝试释放时，会发生此问题.我收到-[CALayer版本]:发送到已释放实例的消息错误，应用程序崩溃.

The problem occurs when the view controller calls the dealloc method, and tries to release. I get a -[CALayer release]: message sent to deallocated instance error and the application crashes.

通过阅读有关此错误的信息，看来我在过度释放某些东西，但我认为情况并非如此:下面的代码是麻烦的制造者，并且我尝试对所有内容进行自动释放和手动释放调用，以及根本不释放它们(我知道，我知道，这很糟糕)，但它继续导致havok.

From reading up about this error, it appears I am over-releasing something, but I don't think that's the case: the code below is the trouble maker and I've tried both autorelease and manual release calls on everything, as well as simply not releasing them (I know, I know, that's bad) but it continues to cause havok.

container = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectNull];
container.autoresizingMask = ( UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleTopMargin | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleBottomMargin | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleLeftMargin | UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleRightMargin );
container.frame = CGRectMake( (viewSize.width-320)/2, (viewSize.height-480)/2, 320, 480);
[self.view addSubview:container];

UILabel *welcomeTo = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectNull] autorelease];
welcomeTo.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
welcomeTo.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue-Light" size:18.0];
welcomeTo.frame = CGRectMake(23, 15, 103, 24);
welcomeTo.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
welcomeTo.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
welcomeTo.text = @"Welcome to";
welcomeTo.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
welcomeTo.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:welcomeTo];

UILabel *progressions = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectNull] autorelease];
progressions.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
progressions.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue-BoldItalic" size:44.0];
progressions.frame = CGRectMake(20, 30, 280, 56);
progressions.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
progressions.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
progressions.text = @"Progressions";
progressions.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
progressions.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:progressions];

UILabel *blurb = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectNull] autorelease];
blurb.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
blurb.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue" size:14.0];
blurb.frame = CGRectMake(23, 100, 274, 51);
blurb.numberOfLines = 3;
blurb.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
blurb.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
blurb.text = @"Kick off the fun by adding some content, or if you're not sure what you're doing, check out the \"Getting Started\" guide!";
blurb.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
blurb.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:blurb];

UIButton *button1 = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 170, 280, 88)];
[button1 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonLarge.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[button1 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonLargeHighlighted.png"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[button1 addTarget:self action:@selector(createChart:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[container addSubview:button1];
[button1 release];

UIImageView *icon1 = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"addchart.png"]];
icon1.frame = CGRectMake(30, 180, icon1.frame.size.width, icon1.frame.size.height);
[container addSubview:icon1];
[icon1 release];

UILabel *button1title = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(110, 185, 180, 20)] autorelease];
button1title.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
button1title.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:17.0];
button1title.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
button1title.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
button1title.text = @"Create a Chart";
button1title.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
button1title.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:button1title];

UILabel *button1blurb = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(110, 205, 180, 40)] autorelease];
button1blurb.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
button1blurb.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13.0];
button1blurb.numberOfLines = 2;
button1blurb.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
button1blurb.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
button1blurb.text = @"A cheat sheet for a displaying a song in any key.";
button1blurb.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
button1blurb.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:button1blurb];

UIButton *button2 = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 270, 280, 88)];
[button2 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonLarge.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[button2 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonLargeHighlighted.png"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[button2 addTarget:self action:@selector(createSet:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[container addSubview:button2];
[button2 release];

UIImageView *icon2 = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"addset.png"]];
icon2.frame = CGRectMake(30, 280, icon2.frame.size.width, icon2.frame.size.height);
[container addSubview:icon2];
[icon2 release];

UILabel *button2title = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(110, 285, 180, 20)] autorelease];
button2title.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
button2title.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:17.0];
button2title.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
button2title.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
button2title.text = @"Create a Set";
button2title.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
button2title.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:button2title];

UILabel *button2blurb = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(110, 305, 180, 40)] autorelease];
button2blurb.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
button2blurb.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:13.0];
button2blurb.numberOfLines = 2;
button2blurb.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
button2blurb.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
button2blurb.text = @"A collection of charts that can be displayed like a book.";
button2blurb.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentLeft;
button2blurb.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:button2blurb];

UIButton *button3 = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 370, 280, 40)];
[button3 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonSmall.png"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[button3 setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"emptyButtonSmallHighlighted.png"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
[button3 addTarget:self action:@selector(gettingStarted:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[container addSubview:button3];
[button3 release];

UILabel *button3title = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 370, 280, 36)] autorelease];
button3title.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
button3title.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:17.0];
button3title.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
button3title.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
button3title.text = @"Getting Started";
button3title.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
button3title.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:button3title];

UILabel *version = [[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 420, 280, 20)] autorelease];
version.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
version.font = [UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue-Light" size:12.0];
version.shadowColor = [UIColor blackColor];
version.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake( 0, 1 );
version.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Version v%@ (%@)", [[[NSBundle mainBundle] infoDictionary] objectForKey:@"CFBundleVersion"], kRevisionNumber];
version.textAlignment = UITextAlignmentCenter;
version.textColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:1.0 alpha:0.6];
[container addSubview:version];

在dealloc方法中释放容器属性，如下所示:

The container property is released in the dealloc method, as follows:

- (void)dealloc {
    [leather release];
    [backButton release];
    [container release];
    [super dealloc];
}

任何人可以提供的答案或建议，将不胜感激！我真的很沮丧.

Any answers or suggestions people can provide would be greatly appreciated! I am truly stumped.

推荐答案

使用僵尸"工具在模拟器中对应用程序进行配置.

Profile your application in the simulator with 'Zombies' Instrument.

运行您的应用程序一段时间，然后执行所有操作以使应用程序崩溃.完成后，您将弹出如下图所示的弹出窗口，并且将停止对应用程序的配置:

Run your app for a while and do whatever you have to do to make your app crash. When it does, you will get a pop up like the image below and it will halt the profiling of the app:

然后，如果您单击地址(0x158b3c00)旁边的小箭头，则会带您进入已释放对象(僵尸)的对象保留/释放历史记录.

Then if you click on the little arrow next to the address (0x158b3c00) .. it will take you to the object retain/release history for the object that was over released (the zombie).

如果突出显示保留计数为-1的上方的行，并打开View-> Extended detail，它应将您指向堆栈跟踪和代码中对象被过度释放的行:

If you highlight the line above where the retain count went to -1, and open View -> Extended detail, it should point you to the stack trace and line in your code where the object was overreleased:

如果您双击该类所在的类，它将打开您的源代码并向您显示错误的代码行:

If you double click the class where it is occuring, it will open up your source and show you the bad line of code:

这篇关于-[CALayer版本]:消息发送到已释放实例的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！