将字符串中找到的单词替换为突出显示的单词，并保持其大小写不变 [英] Replace words found in string with highlighted word keeping their case as found

问题描述

我想用突出显示的单词替换字符串中找到的单词，并保持其大小写不变.

I want to replace words found in string with highlighted word keeping their case as found.

示例

$string1 = 'There are five colors';
$string2 = 'There are Five colors';

//replace five with highlighted five
$word='five';
$string1 = str_ireplace($word, '<span style="background:#ccc;">'.$word.'</span>', $string1);    
$string2 = str_ireplace($word, '<span style="background:#ccc;">'.$word.'</span>', $string2);

echo $string1.'<br>';
echo $string2;

当前输出:

有five种颜色
有five种颜色

There are five colors
There are five colors

预期输出:

有five种颜色
有Five种颜色

There are five colors
There are Five colors

这怎么办?

推荐答案

以不区分大小写的方式突出显示单个单词

在以下正则表达式中使用 preg_replace() :

/\b($p)\b/i

说明:

• /-起始定界符
• \b-匹配单词边界
• (-第一个捕获组的开始
• $p-转义的搜索字符串
• )-第一个捕获组的结尾
• \b-匹配单词边界
• /-结束定界符
• i-模式修饰符，使搜索不区分大小写

• / - starting delimiter
• \b - match a word boundary
• ( - start of first capturing group
• $p - the escaped search string
• ) - end of first capturing group
• \b - match a word boundary
• / - ending delimiter
• i - pattern modifier that makes the search case-insensitive

替换模式可以是<span style="background:#ccc;">$1</span>，其中$1是反向引用-它包含第一个捕获组所匹配的内容(在这种情况下，它是所搜索的实际单词)

The replacement pattern can be <span style="background:#ccc;">$1</span>, where $1 is a backreference — it would contain what was matched by the first capturing group (which, in this case, is the actual word that was searched for)

代码:

$p = preg_quote($word, '/');  // The pattern to match

$string = preg_replace(
    "/\b($p)\b/i",
    '<span style="background:#ccc;">$1</span>', 
    $string
);

> 查看实际效果

$words = array('five', 'colors', /* ... */);
$p = implode('|', array_map('preg_quote', $words));

$string = preg_replace(
    "/\b($p)\b/i", 
    '<span style="background:#ccc;">$1</span>', 
    $string
);

var_dump($string);

> 查看实际效果

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