在C中使用通配符的目录列表 [英] Directory listing with wildcards in C

问题描述

C中是否有现成的函数，可以使用wildcards列出目录内容以过滤出文件名，例如，等效于:

Is there a ready-made function in C that can list the contents of a directory using wildcards to filter out file names, for example, the equivalent of:

echo [!b]????

其中显示的目录条目的名称是四个字符，并且不以"b"开头?

which shows the names of directory entries that are four characters long and do not start with "b"?

我知道我可以使用scandir，但是随后，我需要提供自己的过滤器功能:

I know I can use scandir, but then, I need to provide my own filter function:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
int filter(const struct dirent *entry)
{
    if (strlen(entry->d_name) == 4 && entry->d_name[0] != 'b') return 1;
    else return 0;
}
void main(void)
{
    struct dirent **list;
    int           count;
    count=scandir(".", &list, filter, alphasort)-1;
    if (count < 0)
        puts("Cannot open directory");
    else
        for (; count >= 0; count--)
            puts(list[count]->d_name);
    free(list);
}

老实说，我正在认真考虑实际打电话给shell为我做的事情:

Honestly, I am seriously considering actually calling shell to do it for me:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void main(void)
{
    FILE *fp;
    char buffer[1024];
    fp=popen("echo [!b]???", "r");
    if (fp == NULL)
        puts("Failed to run command.");
    else
        while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), fp) != NULL)
            puts(buffer);
    pclose(fp);
}

推荐答案

如注释中所述，glob()函数对此非常有用:

As mentioned in the comments the glob() function would be pretty good for this:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <glob.h>

int
main (void)
{
    int i=0;
    glob_t globbuf;

    if (!glob("[!b]????", 0, NULL, &globbuf)) {
        for (i=0;  i <globbuf.gl_pathc; i++) { 
            printf("%s ",globbuf.gl_pathv[i]);
        }
        printf("\n");
        globfree(&globbuf);
    } else 
        printf("Error: glob()\n");
}

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