如何对文件进行数字排序? [英] How do you sort files numerically?

问题描述

首先，我发布此内容是因为当我在寻找以下问题的解决方案时，我在stackoverflow上找不到该解决方案.因此，我希望在此处增加一些知识库.

First off, I'm posting this because when I was looking for a solution to the problem below, I could not find one on stackoverflow. So, I'm hoping to add a little bit to the knowledge base here.

我需要处理目录中的某些文件，并且需要对文件进行数字排序.我在 wiki.python中找到了一些有关排序的示例(尤其是使用lambda模式). org ，我将其放在一起:

I need to process some files in a directory and need the files to be sorted numerically. I found some examples on sorting--specifically with using the lambda pattern--at wiki.python.org, and I put this together:

#!env/python
import re

tiffFiles = """ayurveda_1.tif
ayurveda_11.tif
ayurveda_13.tif
ayurveda_2.tif
ayurveda_20.tif
ayurveda_22.tif""".split('\n')

numPattern = re.compile('_(\d{1,2})\.', re.IGNORECASE)

tiffFiles.sort(cmp, key=lambda tFile:
                   int(numPattern.search(tFile).group(1)))

print tiffFiles

我对Python还是很陌生，想问一下社区是否可以对此进行任何改进:缩短代码(删除lambda)，性能，样式/可读性?

I'm still rather new to Python and would like to ask the community if there are any improvements that can be made to this: shortening the code up (removing lambda), performance, style/readability?

谢谢你， 扎卡里(Jachary)

Thank you, Zachary

推荐答案

这称为自然排序"或人为排序"(与字典排序相反，这是默认设置). 内德B写下了一个简单的版本.

This is called "natural sorting" or "human sorting" (as opposed to lexicographical sorting, which is the default). Ned B wrote up a quick version of one.

import re

def tryint(s):
    try:
        return int(s)
    except:
        return s

def alphanum_key(s):
    """ Turn a string into a list of string and number chunks.
        "z23a" -> ["z", 23, "a"]
    """
    return [ tryint(c) for c in re.split('([0-9]+)', s) ]

def sort_nicely(l):
    """ Sort the given list in the way that humans expect.
    """
    l.sort(key=alphanum_key)

它与您正在执行的操作类似，但可能更笼统.

It's similar to what you're doing, but perhaps a bit more generalized.

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