添加到现有电子表格吗? [英] Add to existing spreadsheet?
问题描述
我有一个电子表格，其字段名称为:
I have a spreadsheet with fieldnames:
[名称"，职业"，公司"，地址"，地址_2"，城市"，州"，邮编"，电话"，传真"，电子邮件"，网站" '，'说明']
['name', 'occupation', 'company', 'address', 'address_2','city', 'state', 'zip', 'phone,' 'fax', 'email', 'website', 'description']
，并希望将包含较少字段名称的其他电子表格数据添加到该电子表格中(尽管其他所有字段名称都包含在此电子表格中).
and would like to add to this spreadsheet other spreadsheets of data that contain fewer fieldnames (although all of the others' fieldnames are included in this spreadsheet).
我遇到一个奇怪的错误:
I'm getting a bizarre error:
Samuel-Finegolds-MacBook-Pro:~ samuelfinegold$ /var/folders/jv/9_sy0bn10mbdft1bk9t14qz40000gn/T/Cleanup\ At\ Startup/merge-395698810.980.py.command ; exit;
['name', 'occupation', 'company', 'address', 'address_2', 'city', 'state', 'zip', 'phone,fax', 'email', 'website', 'description']
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/samuelfinegold/Documents/noodle/merge.py", line 14, in <module>
gc_all_dict.writerow(row)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/csv.py", line 148, in writerow
return self.writer.writerow(self._dict_to_list(rowdict))
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/csv.py", line 144, in _dict_to_list
", ".join(wrong_fields))
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, NoneType found
logout
[Process completed]
当我运行以下命令时:
import csv
# compile master spreadsheet
with(open('gc_all.txt','w')) as gc_all:
fieldnames = ['name', 'occupation', 'company', 'address', 'address_2','city', 'state', 'zip', 'phone,' 'fax', 'email', 'website', 'description']
gc_all_dict = csv.DictWriter(gc_all, fieldnames = fieldnames, delimiter = '\t')
print gc_all_dict.fieldnames
with(open('/Users/samuelfinegold/Documents/noodle/aicep/aicep_scrape_output.txt', 'rU')) as aicep:
aicep_dict = csv.DictReader(aicep, fieldnames = fieldnames, delimiter = '\t')
for row in aicep_dict:
# print row
gc_all_dict.writerow(row)
for row in gc_all:
print row
假数据:
name occupation company address address_2 city state zip phone fax email website description
Rob Er Step Up 123 Road Dr New York NY 10011 1234567891 1234567891 a@b.com www.stepUp.com A great counselor
Bob B. Bob For Your Rights 12 2nd Ave San Francisco CA 94109 1234567891 1234567891 c@d.com
Snob Job Marley Inc. 12 1st Ave Denver CO 80231 1234567891 1234567891 g@h.com What a counselor!
推荐答案
此处的真正问题是，尽管您在问题中声明了什么，但其他所有字段名都不包含在此内容中电子表格.
The real problem here is that, despite what you claim in your question, all of the others' fieldnames are not included in this spreadsheet.
您可以通过查看所提出的那一行上方的内容来判断. DictWriter._dict_to_list 看起来像这样:
You can tell by looking at the line above the one that raised. DictWriter._dict_to_list looks like this:
def _dict_to_list(self, rowdict):
if self.extrasaction == "raise":
wrong_fields = [k for k in rowdict if k not in self.fieldnames]
if wrong_fields:
raise ValueError("dict contains fields not in fieldnames: " +
", ".join(wrong_fields))
return [rowdict.get(key, self.restval) for key in self.fieldnames]
因此，它找到了不在您的DictWriter中的字段.
So, it found a field that isn't in your DictWriter.
但是为什么在尝试创建错误时却引发了这个奇怪的错误呢?因为缺少的字段被命名为None. DictWriter代码不是用于处理此问题的.所以，这就是问题2.
But why is it raising that weird error while trying to create the error? Because the missing field is named None. The DictWriter code isn't built to handle that. So, that's problem #2.
为什么将该字段命名为None?因为DictReader每当它找到不适合您提供的fieldnames的列时，这就是产生的结果.您可以通过print row看到这一点:dict的元素之一将类似于None: 'foo'.因此，这就是问题3.
And why is the field named None? Because that's what a DictReader produces whenever it finds a column that doesn't fit into the fieldnames that you gave it. You can see this by print row: One of the elements of the dict will be something like None: 'foo'. So, that's problem #3.
那么您如何解决呢?
好吧，显而易见的事情是使您的主张正确:使目标中的字段成为源中字段的严格超集.
Well, the obvious thing to do is make your claim true: Make the fields in your target a strict superset of the fields in your source.
或者，您可以告诉您DictReader跳过多余的字段，或者告诉您DictWriter忽略它们而不是加注.例如，只需将extrasaction='ignore'添加到您的DictWriter构造函数中，问题就会消失.
Alternatively, you can tell your DictReader to skip extra fields, or your DictWriter to ignore them instead of raising. For example, just add extrasaction='ignore' to your DictWriter constructor, and the problem will go away.
但实际上，您不应该那样做. raise在这里为您找到了一个合法的错误；只是没有这样做，却显示了非常有用的错误消息.
But really, you shouldn't be doing that. raise caught a legitimate bug for you here; it just didn't do so with a very useful error message.
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