Python-替换CSV文件中的一行的值 [英] Python - Replacing value of a row in a CSV file

问题描述

我有这个数据集:

['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']

基本上，我想在每次运行该程序后将第二个字段"0"更改为"1"，

Basically I want to incrementally change the second field '0' to '1' after each run of the program, like this:

['XXXX-XXXX', '1'] # first run
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']

['XXXX-XXXX', '1'] # second run
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']
['XXXX-XXXX', '0']

['XXXX-XXXX', '1'] # eigth run
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']
['XXXX-XXXX', '1']

.csv文件应直接编辑.我不是如何解决这个问题的丝毫想法，我是python新手..

The .csv file should be edited directly. I haven't the slightest idea on how to approach this problem, I'm a python novice..

推荐答案

以下内容可以帮助您朝正确的方向前进.

Here's something to get you going in the right direction.

with open('path/to/filename') as filehandler_name:
    # this is how you open a file for reading

with open('path/to/filename', 'w') as filehandler_name:
    # this is how you open a file for (over)writing
    # note the 'w' argument to the open built-in

import csv
# this is the module that handles csv files

reader = csv.reader(filehandler_name)
# this is how you create a csv.reader object
writer = csv.writer(filehandler_name)
# this is how you create a csv.writer object

for line in reader:
    # this is how you read a csv.reader object line by line
    # each line is effectively a list of the fields in that line
    # of the file.
    # # XXXX-XXXX, 0 --> ['XXXX-XXXX', '0']

对于小文件，您可以执行以下操作:

For small files, you could do something like:

import csv

with open('path/to/filename') as inf:
    reader = csv.reader(inf.readlines())

with open('path/to/filename', 'w') as outf:
    writer = csv.writer(outf)
    for line in reader:
        if line[1] == '0':
            writer.writerow([line[0], '1')
            break
        else:
            writer.writerow(line)
    writer.writerows(reader)

对于inf.readlines会杀死您的内存分配的大型文件，因为它将立即将整个文件拉入内存，您应该执行以下操作:

For large files that inf.readlines will kill your memory allocation since it's pulling the whole file into memory at once, and you should do something like:

import csv, os

with open('path/to/filename') as inf, open('path/to/filename_temp', 'w') as outf:
    reader = csv.reader(inf)
    writer = csv.writer(outf)
    for line in reader:
        if line[1] == '0':
           ...
        ... # as above

os.remove('path/to/filename')
os.rename('path/to/filename_temp', 'path/to/filename')

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