连字符和下划线在sed中不兼容 [英] Hyphen and underscore not compatible in sed

问题描述

我很难让sed识别其模式字符串中的连字符和下划线.

I'm having trouble getting sed to recognize both hyphen and underscore in its pattern string.

有人知道为什么吗

[a-z|A-Z|0-9|\-|_]

在以下示例中，

的作用类似于

in the following example works like

[a-z|A-Z|0-9|_]

?

$  cat /tmp/sed_undescore_hypen
lkjdaslf lkjlsadjfl dfpasdiuy service-type = service-1; jaldkfjlasdjflk address = address1; kldjfladsf
lkjdaslf lkjlsadjfl dfasdf  service-type = service_1; jaldkfjlasdjflk address = address1; kldjfladsf

$  sed 's/.*\(service-type = [a-z|A-Z|0-9|\-|_]*\);.*\(address = .*\);.*/\1    \2/g' /tmp/sed_undescore_hypen
lkjdaslf lkjlsadjfl dfpasdiuy service-type = service-1; jaldkfjlasdjflk address = address1; kldjfladsf
service-type = service_1    address = address1

$  sed 's/.*\(service-type = [a-z|A-Z|0-9|\-]*\);.*\(address = .*\);.*/\1    \2/g' /tmp/sed_undescore_hypen
service-type = service-1    address = address1
lkjdaslf lkjlsadjfl dfasdf  service-type = service_1; jaldkfjlasdjflk address = address1; kldjfladsf

$  sed 's/.*\(service-type = [a-z|A-Z|0-9|_]*\);.*\(address = .*\);.*/\1    \2/g' /tmp/sed_undescore_hypen
lkjdaslf lkjlsadjfl dfpasdiuy service-type = service-1; jaldkfjlasdjflk address = address1; kldjfladsf
service-type = service_1    address = address1

推荐答案

如前所述，您不需要任何内容​​即可在方括号表达式中分隔范围.要做的就是在表达式所匹配的字符上添加|.

As mentioned, you don't need anything to separate your ranges in a bracket expression. All that will do is adding | to the characters matched by the expression.

然后，要添加连字符，可以将其作为表达式中的第一个或最后一个字符:

Then, to add a hyphen, you can just put it as the first or last character in the expression:

[a-zA-Z0-9_-]

最后，根据您的语言环境，a-z之类的范围不一定表示abcd...xyz.您可以改用POSIX字符类:

And finally, ranges like a-z don't necessarily mean abcd...xyz, depending on your locale. You could use a POSIX character class instead:

[[:alnum:]_-]

其中[:alnum:]对应于您的语言环境的所有字母数字字符.在C语言环境中，它对应于0-9A-Za-z.

Where [:alnum:] corresponds to all alphanumeric characters of your locale. In the C locale, it corresponds to 0-9A-Za-z.

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