¿如何发送和接收来自tidtcpclient和tidtcpserver的字符串并创建聊天? [英] ¿How can I send and recieve strings from tidtcpclient and tidtcpserver and to create a chat?

问题描述

im在delphi languaje上是全新的，而im使用Rad Studio通过单一的编程就可以使应用程序在每台设备上运行.现在我应该使用套接字进行聊天，我只使用下一个代码使用tclientsocket和tserversocket针对Windows进行聊天，我试图做的是精确的事情，但是使用tidtcpclient和tidtcpserver而不是tclientsocket和tserversocket

im new at delphi languaje and im using Rad Studio to make apps work on every device with oune single programming. Right now Im supposed to make a chat using sockets, I made a chat for windows only using tclientsocket and tserversocket using the next code, what Im trying to do is make the exact thing but using tidtcpclient and tidtcpserver instead of tclientsocket and tserversocket

服务器:

unit Server;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, System.Win.ScktComp, Vcl.StdCtrls;

type
  TServidor = class(TForm)
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    ServerSocket1: TServerSocket;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
  private
    { Private declarations }
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Servidor: TServidor;
  Str: String;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TServidor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: integer;
begin
     Str:=Edit1.Text;//Take the string (message) sent by the server
     Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'yo: '+Str+#13#10;//Adds the message to the memo box
     Edit1.Text:='';//Clears the edit box
//Sends the messages to all clients connected to the server
     for i:=0 to ServerSocket1.Socket.ActiveConnections-1 do
      ServerSocket1.Socket.Connections[i].SendText(str);//Sent
end;

procedure TServidor.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
   if(ServerSocket1.Active = False)//The button caption is ‘Start’
   then
   begin
      ServerSocket1.Active := True;//Activates the server socket
      Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Servidor en linea'+#13#10;
      Button2.Caption:='Apagar';//Set the button caption
   end
   else//The button caption is ‘Stop’
   begin
      ServerSocket1.Active := False;//Stops the server socket
      Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Servidor fuera de linea'+#13#10;
      Button2.Caption:='Encender';
     //If the server is closed, then it cannot send any messages
      Button1.Enabled:=false;//Disables the "Send" button
      Edit1.Enabled:=false;//Disables the edit box
   end;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
begin
  Socket.SendText('Conectado');//Sends a message to the client
//If at least a client is connected to the server, then the server can communicate
//Enables the Send button and the edit box
  Button1.Enabled:=true;
  Edit1.Enabled:=true;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
Begin
//The server cannot send messages if there is no client connected to it
  if ServerSocket1.Socket.ActiveConnections-1=0 then
  begin
    Button1.Enabled:=false;
    Edit1.Enabled:=false;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
Begin
//Read the message received from the client and add it to the memo text
// The client identifier appears in front of the message
  Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Cliente'+IntToStr(Socket.SocketHandle)+' :'+Socket.ReceiveText+#13#10;
end;

end.

客户

unit Server;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, System.Win.ScktComp, Vcl.StdCtrls;

type
  TServidor = class(TForm)
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    ServerSocket1: TServerSocket;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
    procedure ServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender: TObject;
      Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
  private
    { Private declarations }
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Servidor: TServidor;
  Str: String;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TServidor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: integer;
begin
     Str:=Edit1.Text;//Take the string (message) sent by the server
     Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'yo: '+Str+#13#10;//Adds the message to the memo box
     Edit1.Text:='';//Clears the edit box
//Sends the messages to all clients connected to the server
     for i:=0 to ServerSocket1.Socket.ActiveConnections-1 do
      ServerSocket1.Socket.Connections[i].SendText(str);//Sent
end;

procedure TServidor.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
   if(ServerSocket1.Active = False)//The button caption is ‘Start’
   then
   begin
      ServerSocket1.Active := True;//Activates the server socket
      Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Servidor en linea'+#13#10;
      Button2.Caption:='Apagar';//Set the button caption
   end
   else//The button caption is ‘Stop’
   begin
      ServerSocket1.Active := False;//Stops the server socket
      Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Servidor fuera de linea'+#13#10;
      Button2.Caption:='Encender';
     //If the server is closed, then it cannot send any messages
      Button1.Enabled:=false;//Disables the "Send" button
      Edit1.Enabled:=false;//Disables the edit box
   end;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientConnect(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
begin
  Socket.SendText('Conectado');//Sends a message to the client
//If at least a client is connected to the server, then the server can communicate
//Enables the Send button and the edit box
  Button1.Enabled:=true;
  Edit1.Enabled:=true;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
Begin
//The server cannot send messages if there is no client connected to it
  if ServerSocket1.Socket.ActiveConnections-1=0 then
  begin
    Button1.Enabled:=false;
    Edit1.Enabled:=false;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.ServerSocket1ClientRead(Sender: TObject;
  Socket: TCustomWinSocket);
Begin
//Read the message received from the client and add it to the memo text
// The client identifier appears in front of the message
  Memo1.Text:=Memo1.Text+'Cliente'+IntToStr(Socket.SocketHandle)+' :'+Socket.ReceiveText+#13#10;
end;

end.

推荐答案

服务器代码的直接翻译看起来像这样:

A straight translation of the server code would look like this:

unit Server;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.StdCtrls, IdTCPServer, IdContext;

type
  TServidor = class(TForm)
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    IdTCPServer1: TIdTCPServer;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Connect(AContext: TIdContext);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Disconnect(AContext: TIdContext);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Execute(AContext: TIdContext);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    procedure UpdateButtons;
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Servidor: TServidor;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TServidor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: integer;
  list: TIdContextList;
  Str: String;
begin
  Str := Edit1.Text;//Take the string (message) sent by the server
  Memo1.Lines.Add('yo: ' + Str); //Adds the message to the memo box
  Edit1.Text := '';//Clears the edit box
  //Sends the messages to all clients connected to the server
  list := IdTCPServer1.Contexts.LockList;
  try
    for i := 0 to list.Count-1 do
    begin
      try
        TIdContext(list[i]).Connection.IOHandler.WriteLn(str);//Sent
      except 
      end;
    end;
  finally
    IdTCPServer1.Contexts.UnlockList;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if not IdTCPServer1.Active //The button caption is ‘Start’
  then
  begin
    IdTCPServer1.Active := True;//Activates the server socket
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Servidor en linea');
    Button2.Caption := 'Apagar';//Set the button caption
  end
  else//The button caption is ‘Stop’
  begin
    IdTCPServer1.Active := False;//Stops the server socket
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Servidor fuera de linea');
    Button2.Caption := 'Encender';
    //If the server is closed, then it cannot send any messages
    Button1.Enabled := false;//Disables the "Send" button
    Edit1.Enabled := false;//Disables the edit box
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.UpdateButtons;
var
  list: TIdContextList;
begin
  list := IdTCPServer1.Contexts.LockList;
  try
    Button1.Enabled := list.Count > 0;
    Edit1.Enabled := Button1.Enabled;
  finally
    IdTCPServer1.Contexts.UnlockList;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Connect(AContext: TIdContext);
begin
  AContext.Connection.IOHandler.WriteLn('Conectado');//Sends a message to the client
  //If at least a client is connected to the server, then the server can communicate
  //Enables the Send button and the edit box
  TThread.Queue(nil, UpdateButtons);
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Disconnect(AContext: TIdContext);
begin
  //The server cannot send messages if there is no client connected to it
  TThread.Queue(nil, UpdateButtons);
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Execute(AContext: TIdContext);
var
  Str: String;
begin
  //Read the message received from the client and add it to the memo text
  // The client identifier appears in front of the message
  Str := 'Cliente '+ AContext.Binding.PeerIP + ' :' + AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadLn;
  TThread.Queue(nil,
    procedure
    begin
      Memo1.Lines.Add(Str);
    end
  );
end;

end.

但是，这不是实现服务器的最安全方法.特别是，在Button1Click()过程中向客户端广播消息.相反，一种更安全的方法看起来像这样:

This is not the safest way to implement a server, though. In particular, broadcasting messages to client in the Button1Click() procedure. A safer approach would look more like this instead:

unit Server;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.StdCtrls, IdTCPServer, IdContext;

type
  TServidor = class(TForm)
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    IdTCPServer1: TIdTCPServer;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Connect(AContext: TIdContext);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Disconnect(AContext: TIdContext);
    procedure IdTCPServer1Execute(AContext: TIdContext);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    procedure UpdateButtons;
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Servidor: TServidor;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

uses
  IdTCPConnection, IdYarn, IdThreadSafe;

type
  TMyContext = class(TIdServerContext)
  private
    Queue: TIdThreadSafeStringList;
    QueuePending: Boolean;
  public
    constructor Create(AConnection: TIdTCPConnection; AYarn: TIdYarn; AList: TIdContextThreadList = nil); override;
    destructor Destroy; override;
    procedure AddToQueue(const s: string);
    procedure SendQueue;
  end;

constructor TMyContext.Create(AConnection: TIdTCPConnection; AYarn: TIdYarn; AList: TIdContextThreadList = nil);
begin
  inherited;
  Queue := TIdThreadSafeStringList.Create;
end;

destructor TMyContext.Destroy;
begin
  Queue.Free;
  inherited;
end;

procedure TMyContext.AddToQueue(const s: string);
var
  list: TStringList;
begin
  list := Queue.Lock;
  try
    list.Add(s);
    QueuePending := True;
  finally
    Queue.Unlock;
  end;
end;

procedure TMyContext.SendQueue;
var
  list: TStringList;
  tmpList: TStringList;
  i: Integer;
begin
  if not QueuePending then Exit;
  tmp := nil;
  try
    list := Queue.Lock;
    try
      if list.Count = 0 then
      begin
        QueuePending := False;
        Exit;
      end;
      tmpList := TStringList.Create;
      tmpList.Assign(list);
      list.Clear;
      QueuePending := False;
    finally
      Queue.Unlock;
    end;
    for i := 0 to tmpList.Count-1 do
      Connection.IOHandler.WriteLn(tmpList[i]);
  finally
    tmpList.Free;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
  IdTCPServer1.ContextClass := TMyContext;
end;

procedure TServidor.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: integer;
  list: TIdContextList;
  Str: String;
begin
  Str := Edit1.Text;//Take the string (message) sent by the server
  Memo1.Lines.Add('yo: ' + Str); //Adds the message to the memo box
  Edit1.Text := '';//Clears the edit box
  //Sends the messages to all clients connected to the server
  list := IdTCPServer1.Contexts.LockList;
  try
    for i := 0 to list.Count-1 do
      TMyContext(list[i]).AddToQueue(str);//Sent
  finally
    IdTCPServer1.Contexts.UnlockList;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if not IdTCPServer1.Active //The button caption is ‘Start’
  then
  begin
    IdTCPServer1.Active := True;//Activates the server socket
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Servidor en linea');
    Button2.Caption := 'Apagar';//Set the button caption
  end
  else//The button caption is ‘Stop’
  begin
    IdTCPServer1.Active := False;//Stops the server socket
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Servidor fuera de linea');
    Button2.Caption := 'Encender';
    //If the server is closed, then it cannot send any messages
    Button1.Enabled := false;//Disables the "Send" button
    Edit1.Enabled := false;//Disables the edit box
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.UpdateButtons;
var
  list: TIdContextList;
begin
  list := IdTCPServer1.Contexts.LockList;
  try
    Button1.Enabled := list.Count > 0;
    Edit1.Enabled := Button1.Enabled;
  finally
    IdTCPServer1.Contexts.UnlockList;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Connect(AContext: TIdContext);
begin
  AContext.Connection.IOHandler.WriteLn('Conectado');//Sends a message to the client
  //If at least a client is connected to the server, then the server can communicate
  //Enables the Send button and the edit box
  TThread.Queue(nil, UpdateButtons);
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Disconnect(AContext: TIdContext);
begin
  //The server cannot send messages if there is no client connected to it
  TThread.Queue(nil, UpdateButtons);
end;

procedure TServidor.IdTCPServer1Execute(AContext: TIdContext);
var
  LContext: TMyContext;
  Str: String;
begin
  LContext := TMyContext(AContext);

  //send pending messages from the server
  LContext.SendQueue;

  //check for a message received from the client
  if AContext.IOHandler.InputBufferIsEmpty then
  begin
    AContext.IOHandler.CheckForDataOnSource(100);
    AContext.IOHandler.CheckForDisconnect;
    if AContext.IOHandler.InputBufferIsEmpty then Exit;
  end;

  //read the message received from the client and add it to the memo text
  // The client identifier appears in front of the message
  Str := 'Cliente '+ AContext.Binding.PeerIP + ' :' + AContext.Connection.IOHandler.ReadLn;
  TThread.Queue(nil,
    procedure
    begin
      Memo1.Lines.Add(Str);
    end
  );
end;

end.

对于客户端，您没有显示您的客户端代码(您两次显示了服务器代码)，但这是客户端实现的样子(请注意，这不是实现可以接收的客户端的最佳方法但是，未经请求的服务器消息):

As for the client, you did not show your client code (you showed your server code twice), but here is what a client implementation could look like (note that this is not the best way to implement a client that can receive unsolicited server messages, though):

unit Client;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.StdCtrls, IdTCPClient;

type
  TCliente = class(TForm)
    Edit1: TEdit;
    Button1: TButton;
    Button2: TButton;
    IdTCPClient1: TIdTCPClient;
    Memo1: TMemo;
    Timer1: TTimer;
    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
    procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
  private
    { Private declarations }
    procedure CloseClient;
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  Cliente: TCliente;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

procedure TCliente.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
  i: integer;
  Str: String;
begin
  Str := Edit1.Text;//Take the string (message) sent by the client
  Memo1.Lines.Add('yo: '+Str);//Adds the message to the memo box
  Edit1.Text := '';//Clears the edit box
  //Sends the message to the server
  try
    IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.WriteLn(str);//Sent
  except
    CloseClient;
  end;
end;

procedure TServidor.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
begin
  if not IdTCPClient1.Connected //The button caption is ‘Start’
  then
  begin
    IdTCPClient1.Connect;//Activates the client socket
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Cliente en linea');
    Button2.Caption := 'Apagar';//Set the button caption
    //Enables the Send button and the edit box
    Button1.Enabled := true;
    Edit1.Enabled := true;
    Timer1.Enabled := True;
  end
  else//The button caption is ‘Stop’
  begin
    CloseClient;
  end;
end;

procedure TCliente.CloseClient;
begin
  IdTCPClient1.Disconnect;//Stops the client socket
  Memo1.Lines.Add('Cliente fuera de linea');
  Button2.Caption := 'Encender';
  //If the client is closed, then it cannot send any messages
  Button1.Enabled := false;//Disables the "Send" button
  Edit1.Enabled := false;//Disables the edit box
  Timer1.Enabled := false;
end;

procedure TCliente.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject);
begin
  try
    //check for a message from the server
    if IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.InputBufferIsEmpty then
    begin
      IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.CheckForDataOnSource(10);
      IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.CheckForDisconnect;
      if IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.InputBufferIsEmpty then Exit;
    end;
    //Read the message received from the server and add it to the memo text
    // The client identifier appears in front of the message
    Memo1.Lines.Add('Servidor :' + IdTCPClient1.IOHandler.ReadLn);
  except
    CloseClient;
  end;
end;

end.

这篇关于¿如何发送和接收来自tidtcpclient和tidtcpserver的字符串并创建聊天?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！