带箭头和弯曲边缘的D3力图-缩短链接，使箭头不与节点重叠 [英] D3 Force Graph With Arrows and Curved Edges - shorten links so arrow doesnt overlap nodes
问题描述
我刚刚阅读了这篇文章-链接和箭头终止于D3中节点的边界-但是，我正在努力用我的示例(我认为实际上)为我的链接使用更简单/不同的弯曲边缘来绘制他的答案(在他的弯曲链接上).
I just read through this post - Links and Arrowheads to terminate at borders of nodes in D3 - however i am struggling to map his answer (on his curved links) with my example which (i think actually) uses a simpler/different curved edge for my links.
我一直在研究问题的可重现示例，在过去的20-30分钟内显示了力图，但是由于某种原因，该图没有出现(即使代码段未引发错误).尽管只需要固定一小部分，但这不可避免地是一堆代码(重新创建d3力图).首先，这是代码段:
I have been working on a reproducible example of my problem, with force graph showing, for the last 20-30 minutes however for some reason the graph is not appearing (even though the code snippet is not throwing an error). It is inevitably a bunch of code (recreating a d3 force graph), although only a small section needs to be fixed. First, here is the code snippet:
const svg = d3.select('#mySVG')
const nodesG = svg.select("g.nodes")
var graphs = {
"nodes": [
{ "name": "Peter", "label": "Person", "id": 1 },
{ "name": "Michael", "label": "Person", "id": 2 },
{ "name": "Neo4j", "label": "Database", "id": 3 },
{ "name": "Graph Database", "label": "Database", "id": 4 }
],
"links": [
{ "source": 1, "target": 2, "type": "KNOWS", "since": 2010 },
{ "source": 1, "target": 3, "type": "FOUNDED" },
{ "source": 2, "target": 3, "type": "WORKS_ON" },
{ "source": 3, "target": 4, "type": "IS_A" }
]
}
svg.append('defs').append('marker')
.attr('id','arrowhead')
.attr('viewBox','-0 -5 10 10')
.attr('refX',13)
.attr('refY',0)
.attr('orient','auto')
.attr('markerWidth',13)
.attr('markerHeight',13)
.attr('xoverflow','visible')
.append('svg:path')
.attr('d', 'M 0,-5 L 10 ,0 L 0,5')
.attr('fill', '#999')
.style('stroke','none');
const simulation = d3.forceSimulation()
.force("link", d3.forceLink().id(d => d.id))
.force("charge", d3.forceManyBody())
.force("center", d3.forceCenter(100, 100));
let linksData = graphs.links.map(link => {
var obj = link;
obj.source = link.source;
obj.target = link.target;
return obj;
})
const links = svg.select("g.links")
.selectAll("path")
.data(linksData)
.enter()
.append("path")
.attr('stroke', '#666666')
.attr('fill', 'transparent')
.attr("stroke-width", 2)
.attr('marker-end', 'url(#arrowhead)')
const nodes = nodesG
.selectAll("g")
.data(graphs.nodes)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("cursor", "pointer")
.call(d3.drag()
.on("start", dragstarted)
.on("drag", dragged)
.on("end", dragended));
const circles = nodes.append("circle")
.attr("r", 12)
.attr("fill", "000000")
nodes.append("title")
.text(function(d) { return d.id; });
simulation
.nodes(graphs.nodes)
.on("tick", ticked);
simulation.force("link", d3.forceLink().links(linksData)
.id((d,i) => d.id)
.distance(150));
function ticked() {
links.attr("d", function(d) {
var dx = (d.target.x - d.source.x),
dy = (d.target.y - d.source.y),
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + d.target.x + "," + d.target.y;
});
nodes
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${d.x}, ${d.y})`);
}
function dragstarted(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0.3).restart();
d.fx = d.x;
d.fy = d.y;
}
function dragged(d) {
d.fx = d3.event.x;
d.fy = d3.event.y;
}
function dragended(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0);
d.fx = null;
d.fy = null;
}
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
<svg id="mySVG" width="500" height="500">
<g class="links" />
<g class="nodes" />
</svg>
对于初学者来说，首先解决代码片段以显示图形的任何帮助将不胜感激.
For starters, any help first with fixing the code snippet to show the graph would be greatly appreciated.
但是，主要问题是箭头进入节点，而我希望没有重叠.这个jsfiddle在箭头和我认为看起来更好的节点之间有一个空隙- http://jsfiddle.net/yeQS2/89/-尽管对于我的示例，我希望箭头和节点之间的间隙更大.
The main issue, however, is that the arrows go into the nodes, whereas I would prefer to not have the overlap. This jsfiddle has a gap between the arrowheads and the nodes that I think looks much better - http://jsfiddle.net/yeQS2/89/ - although i think for my example I'd prefer an even larger gap between arrow and node.
我相信这是我需要更新的ticked()函数:
I believe it is the ticked() function that I need to update:
function ticked() {
links.attr("d", function(d) {
var dx = (d.target.x - d.source.x),
dy = (d.target.y - d.source.y),
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + d.target.x + "," + d.target.y;
});
nodes
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${d.x}, ${d.y})`);
}
我正在积极努力修复可复制的示例.我为此付出了很多努力，并认为这是很多人在尝试制作美观的d3力布局时会遇到的问题.感谢您提供任何帮助！
I am actively working on fixing the reproducible example. I worked really hard on this, and think this is a problem that a lot of people would run into when trying to make an aesthetically good looking d3 force layout. Any help with this is appreciated!
感谢帮助图形工作的人-我进去并使链接上的填充透明，所以只显示了笔划！
thanks to whoever helped get the graph working - i went in and made the fill transparent on the links, so only the strokes show!
Edit2:不确定是否允许这样做，但这是我的一个大型项目，我将在2天之内悬赏此职位，或者，如果可以早些，则将悬赏该赢家.
not sure this is allowed, but this is for a big project of mine and I'll either bounty this post in 2 days, or bounty the winner if sooner, for sure.
推荐答案
在我的答案中此处应用相同的想法.
Applying the same idea in my answer here.
产生:
const svg = d3.select('#mySVG')
const nodesG = svg.select("g.nodes")
var graphs = {
"nodes": [{
"name": "Peter",
"label": "Person",
"id": 1
},
{
"name": "Michael",
"label": "Person",
"id": 2
},
{
"name": "Neo4j",
"label": "Database",
"id": 3
},
{
"name": "Graph Database",
"label": "Database",
"id": 4
}
],
"links": [{
"source": 1,
"target": 2,
"type": "KNOWS",
"since": 2010
},
{
"source": 1,
"target": 3,
"type": "FOUNDED"
},
{
"source": 2,
"target": 3,
"type": "WORKS_ON"
},
{
"source": 3,
"target": 4,
"type": "IS_A"
}
]
}
svg.append('defs').append('marker')
.attr('id', 'arrowhead')
.attr('viewBox', '-0 -5 10 10')
.attr('refX', 0)
.attr('refY', 0)
.attr('orient', 'auto')
.attr('markerWidth', 13)
.attr('markerHeight', 13)
.attr('xoverflow', 'visible')
.append('svg:path')
.attr('d', 'M 0,-5 L 10 ,0 L 0,5')
.attr('fill', '#999')
.style('stroke', 'none');
const simulation = d3.forceSimulation()
.force("link", d3.forceLink().id(d => d.id))
.force("charge", d3.forceManyBody())
.force("center", d3.forceCenter(100, 100));
let linksData = graphs.links.map(link => {
var obj = link;
obj.source = link.source;
obj.target = link.target;
return obj;
})
const links = svg.select("g.links")
.selectAll("path")
.data(linksData)
.enter()
.append("path")
.attr('stroke', '#666666')
.attr('fill', 'transparent')
.attr("stroke-width", 2)
.attr('marker-end', 'url(#arrowhead)')
const nodes = nodesG
.selectAll("g")
.data(graphs.nodes)
.enter().append("g")
.attr("cursor", "pointer")
.call(d3.drag()
.on("start", dragstarted)
.on("drag", dragged)
.on("end", dragended));
const circles = nodes.append("circle")
.attr("r", 12)
.attr("fill", "000000")
nodes.append("title")
.text(function(d) {
return d.id;
});
simulation
.nodes(graphs.nodes)
.on("tick", ticked);
simulation.force("link", d3.forceLink().links(linksData)
.id((d, i) => d.id)
.distance(150));
function ticked() {
links.attr("d", function(d) {
var dx = (d.target.x - d.source.x),
dy = (d.target.y - d.source.y),
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + d.target.x + "," + d.target.y;
});
// recalculate and back off the distance
links.attr("d", function(d) {
// length of current path
var pl = this.getTotalLength(),
// radius of circle plus backoff
r = (12) + 30,
// position close to where path intercepts circle
m = this.getPointAtLength(pl - r);
var dx = m.x - d.source.x,
dy = m.y - d.source.y,
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + m.x + "," + m.y;
});
nodes
.attr("transform", d => `translate(${d.x}, ${d.y})`);
}
function dragstarted(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0.3).restart();
d.fx = d.x;
d.fy = d.y;
}
function dragged(d) {
d.fx = d3.event.x;
d.fy = d3.event.y;
}
function dragended(d) {
if (!d3.event.active) simulation.alphaTarget(0);
d.fx = null;
d.fy = null;
}
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script src="//d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
<svg id="mySVG" width="500" height="500">
<g class="links" />
<g class="nodes" />
</svg>
关键是这个
// recalculate and back off the distance
links.attr("d", function(d) {
// length of current path
var pl = this.getTotalLength(),
// radius of circle plus backoff
r = (12) + 30, //<-- 12 is your radius 30 is the "back-off" distance
// position close to where path intercepts circle
m = this.getPointAtLength(pl - r);
var dx = m.x - d.source.x,
dy = m.y - d.source.y,
dr = Math.sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy);
return "M" + d.source.x + "," + d.source.y + "A" + dr + "," + dr + " 0 0,1 " + m.x + "," + m.y;
});
这篇关于带箭头和弯曲边缘的D3力图-缩短链接，使箭头不与节点重叠的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
