VBA Excel在多列上排序 [英] VBA Excel sorting on multiple columns

问题描述

我有一个Excel表格，我希望工作表"CR"中所有具有值的行(标题行除外)(如果可能，不包括公式(列A包含公式))首先按以下顺序排序在保存文件之前，列B(名称= TEAM)，然后列C(名称= BUILDING)，最后列D(名称= DATE_MAJ).

I have an Excel table, where I'd like that all rows (except the header row) in Sheet "CR" that have a value in it (excluding formulas if possible (column A contains formulas)) are sorted first by column B (name = TEAM), then C (name = BUILDING) and finally D (name = DATE_MAJ) before the file is saved.

我绝对是VBA的入门者，所以我正在尝试在论坛上左右找到的东西，并根据需要进行修改.通过搜索，我在Excel VBA对象工作簿"中尝试了以下代码，但出现错误:

I'm an absolute noob with VBA, so I'm trying out stuff that I find left and right on the fora and modify it to my needs. From searching around, I tried this code in the Excel VBA Object 'Workbook', but it gives an error:

Private Sub Workbook_BeforeSave(ByVal SaveAsUI As Boolean, Cancel As Boolean)
'Setup column names
Col1name = "SECTION"
Col2name = "BATIMENT"
Col3name = "DATE_MAJ"

'Find cols
For Each cell In Range("A1:" & Range("A1").End(xlToRight).Address)
    If cell.Value = Col1name Then
        Col1 = cell.Column
    End If
    If cell.Value = Col2name Then
        Col2 = cell.Column
    End If
    If cell.Value = Col3name Then
        Col3 = cell.Column
    End If

Next

'Below two line:- if they are blank e.g. column not found it will error so a small bit of error handling 
If Col1 = "" Then Exit Sub
If Col2 = "" Then Exit Sub
If Col3 = "" Then Exit Sub

'Find last row - dynamic part
lastrow = ActiveSheet.Range("A100000").End(xlUp).Row

'Convert col numer to name
Col1 = Split(Cells(1, Col1).Address(True, False), "$")
Col2 = Split(Cells(1, Col2).Address(True, False), "$")
Col3 = Split(Cells(1, Col3).Address(True, False), "$")

'Sort
With ActiveSheet.Sort
    .SortFields.Clear
    .SortFields.Add Key:=Range(Col1(0) & "2:" & Col1(0) & lastrow) _
        , SortOn:=xlSortOnValues, Order:=xlAscending, DataOption:=xlSortNormal
    .SortFields.Add Key:=Range(Col2(0) & "2:" & Col2(0) & lastrow) _
        , SortOn:=xlSortOnValues, Order:=xlAscending, DataOption:=xlSortNormal
    .SortFields.Add Key:=Range(Col3(0) & "2:" & Col3(0) & lastrow) _
        , SortOn:=xlSortOnValues, Order:=xlAscending, DataOption:=xlSortNormal

    .SetRange Range("A1:K" & lastrow)
    .Header = xlYes
    .MatchCase = False
    .Orientation = xlTopToBottom
    .SortMethod = xlPinYin
    .Apply
End With
End Sub

如果能帮助您正确编写代码，我将不胜感激.以下是指向Excel文件的链接(我删除了上面的代码，因为它不起作用).

I'd be grateful for any help in getting the code right. Below is a link to the Excel file (I took out the above code as it didn't work).

Dropbox链接到Excel文件

推荐答案

由于只有三个排序列，因此您可能想使用

Since you only have three sorting columns you may want to use Sort() method of Range object, instead of the namesake method of Worksheet object

此外，假设每个链接的excel文件都有列标题，您可以尝试以下方法:

Furthermore assuming columns headers as per linked excel files you could try this:

Private Sub Workbook_BeforeSave(ByVal SaveAsUI As Boolean, Cancel As Boolean)
    Dim col1 As Range, col2 As Range, col3 As Range
    Dim lastRow As Long

    'Setup column names
    Const col1Name As String = "SECTION"
    Const col2Name As String = "BUILDING" '"BATIMENT"
    Const col3Name As String = "DATE UPDATE" '"DATE_MAJ"

    With Worksheets("CR") '<--| reference your worksheet
        'Find last row - dynamic part
        lastRow = .Cells(.Rows.Count, 1).End(xlUp).row ' <--|find its column "A" last not empty row index
        'Find cols
        With .Range("A1", .Cells(1, .Columns.Count).End(xlToLeft)) '<--|reference its row 1 cells from column 1 to last not empty one and search for sorting columns whose header matches above set column names
            If Not TryGetColumnIndex(.Cells, col1Name, col1) Then Exit Sub '<--| if 1st sorting column not found then exit sub
            If Not TryGetColumnIndex(.Cells, col2Name, col2) Then Exit Sub '<--| if 2nd sorting column not found then exit sub
            If Not TryGetColumnIndex(.Cells, col3Name, col3) Then Exit Sub '<--| if 3rd sorting column not found then exit sub
            .Resize(lastRow).Sort _
                            key1:=col1, order1:=xlAscending, DataOption1:=xlSortNormal, _
                            key2:=col2, order2:=xlAscending, DataOption2:=xlSortNormal, _
                            key3:=col3, order3:=xlAscending, DataOption3:=xlSortNormal, _
                            Header:=xlYes, MatchCase:=False, Orientation:=xlTopToBottom, SortMethod:=xlPinYin
        End With
    End With
End Sub

Function TryGetColumnIndex(rng As Range, colName As String, col As Range) As Boolean
    Set col = rng.Find(What:=colName, LookIn:=xlValues, LookAt:=xlWhole)
    TryGetColumnIndex = Not col Is Nothing
End Function

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