如何在Dockerfile中设置变量ENV以在Docker容器中覆盖? [英] How to setup an variable ENV inside Dockerfile to be overriden in a Docker container?

问题描述

我有一个应该由IP用户创建的容器.

I have a container that should be created with the IP user.

这是我在Dockerfile中拥有的内容:

This is what i have inside the Dockerfile:

ENV REMOTE_HOST=xxxxxxxxxx

RUN { \
        echo '[xdebug]'; \
        echo 'zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xdebug.so'; \
        echo 'xdebug.remote_enable=1'; \
        echo 'xdebug.remote_port=9000'; \  
        echo 'xdebug.remote_autostart=1'; \
        echo 'xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp'; \
        echo 'xdebug.idekey=dockerdebug'; \
        echo 'xdebug.profiler_output_dir="/var/www/html"'; \
        echo 'xdebug.remote_connect_back=0'; \
        echo 'xdebug.remote_host=$REMOTE_HOST'; \
    } >> /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini

这是我创建从该Dockerfile派生的容器的方式: docker从该Dockerfile运行图像:

And this is how I create an container derived from that Dockerfile: dockerrun an image from that Dockerfile:

docker run -e REMOTE_HOST=123456   -p 80:80  -v /Users/myusrname/Documents/mysite:/var/www/html myImage

这是我在php.ini中的容器内的内容:

This is what I have in php.ini inside the container:

root@1713e0a338f9:/var/www/html# cat /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
...
[xdebug]
zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xdebug.so
xdebug.remote_enable=1
xdebug.remote_port=9000
xdebug.remote_autostart=1
xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp
xdebug.idekey=dockerdebug
xdebug.profiler_output_dir="/var/www/html"
xdebug.remote_connect_back=0
xdebug.remote_host=$REMOTE_HOST

传递该变量的正确方法是什么?

What is the correct way to pass that variable?

推荐答案

如果您尝试传递将用图像构建的数据，那么您正在寻找ARG和--build-arg;可以在 Dockerfile文档中找到.

If you're attempting to pass in data that will be built with the image then you're looking for ARG and --build-arg; which can be found in the Dockerfile documentation.

Dockerfile:

FROM ubuntu
ARG REMOTE_HOST

RUN echo ${REMOTE_HOST} > /my_file

然后构建文件:

➜  docker build -t test_image --build-arg REMOTE_HOST=1.2.3.4 .

Sending build context to Docker daemon  10.24kB
Step 1/3 : FROM ubuntu
 ---> 20c44cd7596f
Step 2/3 : ARG REMOTE_HOST
 ---> Using cache
 ---> f9815e560847
Step 3/3 : RUN echo ${REMOTE_HOST} > /my_file
 ---> Running in da07d5d060b7
 ---> cdfdbeac71b9

运行图像并打印出文件:

➜  docker run test_image cat /my_file
1.2.3.4

尽管如此，我会留个便条；您可能不想将IP地址硬编码到图像中；相反，您应该设置映像以改为读取环境变量并在运行时更新该文件；在这种情况下，一旦设置了Dockerfile即可处理-您将使用docker run -e REMOTE_HOST=1.2.3.4.执行此操作，您将需要以下内容:

I'll leave this with a note though; that you probably don't want to be hard-coding an IP address to your image; and instead you should set up your image to instead read the environment variable and update that file at runtime; in that case, once your Dockerfile is setup to handle that - you would use docker run -e REMOTE_HOST=1.2.3.4. Do this, you'll want something like:

Dockerfile:

FROM ubuntu

COPY php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh # Or ensure it's +x already

ENTRYPOINT [ "entrypoint.sh" ]

php.ini

{
    echo '[xdebug]';
    echo 'zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xdebug.so';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_enable=1';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_port=9000';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_autostart=1';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp';
    echo 'xdebug.idekey=dockerdebug';
    echo 'xdebug.profiler_output_dir="/var/www/html"';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_connect_back=0';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_host=$REMOTE_HOST';
}

entrypoint.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -e

# Check if our environment variable has been passed.
if [ -z "${REMOTE_HOST}" ]
then
  echo "REMOTE_HOST has not been set."
  exit 1
else
  sed -i.bak "s/\$REMOTE_HOST/${REMOTE_HOST}/g" /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
fi

exec "$@"

构建图像:

➜  docker build -t test_image .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  4.608kB
Step 1/5 : FROM ubuntu
 ---> 20c44cd7596f
Step 2/5 : COPY php.ini /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
 ---> 1785c0238ce8
Step 3/5 : COPY entrypoint.sh /usr/local/bin/
 ---> c63c289c411e
Step 4/5 : RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/entrypoint.sh # Or ensure it's +x already
 ---> Running in 09b07f8724a9
 ---> 66ab090f405a
Removing intermediate container 09b07f8724a9
Step 5/5 : ENTRYPOINT entrypoint.sh
 ---> Running in 1f5a7ebec98e
 ---> 2992128843cd
Removing intermediate container 1f5a7ebec98e
Successfully built 2992128843cd
Successfully tagged test_image:lates

运行映像并提供REMOTE_HOST

➜  docker run -e REMOTE_HOST=1.2.3.4 test_image cat /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
{
    echo '[xdebug]';
    echo 'zend_extension=/usr/local/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xdebug.so';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_enable=1';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_port=9000';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_autostart=1';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_handler=dbgp';
    echo 'xdebug.idekey=dockerdebug';
    echo 'xdebug.profiler_output_dir="/var/www/html"';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_connect_back=0';
    echo 'xdebug.remote_host=1.2.3.4';
}

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