selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException:消息:无法找到与GeckoDriver，Selenium和Firefox匹配的功能集 [英] selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a matching set of capabilities with GeckoDriver, Selenium and Firefox

问题描述

我用Firefox的webdriver开发了一个带有selenium的python脚本.我的机器工作正常.但是，如果我在另一台机器上执行相同的脚本，则会出现以下错误.

I have developed a python script with selenium with firefox webdriver. It is workign fine in my machine. but if i execute the same script in another machine it is giving the following error.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "insurance_web_monitor.py", line 13, in <module>
    driver = Firefox(executable_path='geckodriver', firefox_options=options)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\firefox\webdriver.py",
line 167, in __init__
    keep_alive=True)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", l
ine 156, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", l
ine 251, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", l
ine 320, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py"
, line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a
 matching set of capabilities

这是我的代码

import os
from selenium.webdriver import Firefox
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.firefox.options import Options
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as expected
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities


if __name__ == "__main__":
    options = Options()
    cap = DesiredCapabilities().FIREFOX
    cap["marionette"] = False
    options.add_argument('-headless')
    driver = Firefox(executable_path='geckodriver', firefox_options=options, capabilities=cap)
    wait = WebDriverWait(driver, timeout=10)
    driver.get('http://www.google.com')
    driver.save_screenshot(
        os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)), os.getcwd(), 'screenshot1.png'))
    wait.until(expected.visibility_of_element_located((By.NAME, 'q'))).send_keys('headless firefox' + Keys.ENTER)
    wait.until(expected.visibility_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, '#ires a'))).click()
    print(driver.page_source)
    driver.quit()

我机器上的配置是

Windows => 7 Professional 64-bit
Python => 3.4.4
Selenium => 3.14
Firefox => 61.0.2
geckodriver => 0.21.0

其他机器上的配置是

Windows => 7 Professional 64-bit
Python => 3.4.4
Selenium => 3.14
Firefox => 61.0.2
geckodriver => 0.21.0

是的，每个配置都是完全相同的.尽管这似乎很愚蠢，但它不起作用，并且正在折磨我. 我是否错过了两台机器之间要考虑的内容? 预先感谢.

Yes every configuration is exactly same. Though this seems silly it is not working and it's torturing me. Am i missing anything to consider between the machines? Thanks in advance.

推荐答案

根据您的问题和代码块，就像您使用以下 Test Configuration

As per your question and code block as you are using the following Test Configuration:

• 硒=> 3.14
• geckodriver => 0.21.0
• Firefox => 61.0.2

您必须强制使用功能牵线木偶.要实现这一目标:

You have to use the capability marionette mandatorily. To achieve that either:

• 您可以保留功能木偶，因为默认情况下marionette设置为真.

• 您还可以如下指定功能木偶:

• You can leave the capability marionette untouched as by default marionette is set to True.

• You can also specify the capability marionette as follows:

cap = DesiredCapabilities().FIREFOX
cap["marionette"] = True

此错误消息...

selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a matching set of capabilities

...表示 GeckoDriver 无法启动/产生新的 WebBrowser ，即 Firefox浏览器会话.

...implies that the GeckoDriver was unable to initiate/spawn a new WebBrowser i.e. Firefox Browser session.

您看到的错误背后有很多可能性，可以通过下面提到的以下任何步骤来解决:

There are numerous possibilities behind the error you are seeing and can be solved through any of the following steps mentioned below:

• 在使用 Windows操作系统时，您需要传递键 executable_path 以及 value >包含:

• As you are on Windows OS you need to pass the key executable_path along with the value containing:

GeckoDriver 的
• 绝对路径.
• GeckoDriver 的绝对路径应该通过单引号和单反斜杠以及原始(r)开关来提及.
• 包括 GeckoDriver 二进制文件的扩展名.

• 您的代码行将是:

• Absolute path of the GeckoDriver.
• The Absolute path of the GeckoDriver should be mentioned through single quotes and single backward slash along with the raw (r) switch.
• Include the extension of the GeckoDriver binary.

• Your line of code will be:

driver = Firefox(executable_path=r'C:\path\to\geckodriver.exe', firefox_options=options, capabilities=cap)

• selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException:消息:无法通过Selenium找到与Firefox 46相匹配的功能
• 如何在不使用Geckodriver/Firefox的情况下工作木偶? (针对FF 53运行python硒3)

• selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Unable to find a matching set of capabilities with Firefox 46 through Selenium
• How can Geckodriver/Firefox work without Marionette? (running python selenium 3 against FF 53)

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