为什么使用find_element(By ...)而不是find_element_by_ [英] Why use find_element(By...) instead of find_element_by_

问题描述

使用selenium.webdriver.common.by中的By代替常规的find_element_by _...方法的目的和好处是什么?例如:

What's the purpose and upside of using By from selenium.webdriver.common.by instead of instead of the normal find_element_by_... methods? For example:

driver.find_element_by_id('some_ID')

vs:

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
driver.find_element(By.ID, 'some_ID')

推荐答案

根据 documentatio n find_element()似乎是find_element_by_...()方法使用的"私有"方法，也可能在

According to documentation find_element() seem to be kind of "private" method that is used by find_element_by_...() methods and also might be used in Page Object

因此使用页面对象模式是您可能需要find_element() + By而不是find_element_by_...()的原因.

So using Page Object pattern is the reason why you might need find_element() + By instead of find_element_by_...().

例如，您有一些变量包含元素的id值

For example, you have some variable that contains elements' id value

link_id = "some_id"

，然后用它来定位元素

my_link = driver.find_element_by_id(link_id)

如果出于某些原因从元素中删除了id属性，则既需要更新选择器，又需要将my_link中的find_element_by_...()方法替换为

If for some reason id attribute was removed from element, you need both to update selector and replace find_element_by_...() method in my_link as

link_class_name = "some_class_name"
my_link = driver.find_element_by_class_name(link_class_name)

如果使用By，则您的初始定位器可能是

If you use By, then your initial locator might be

link_locator = (By.ID, "some_id")

，您将元素定位为

my_link = find_element(*link_locator)

如果HTML源发生更改，您只需将link_locator更新为

In case of changes in HTML source you need just to update your link_locator as

link_locator = (By.CLASS_NAME, "some_class_name")

和my_link保持完全相同

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