如何使用远程Selenium WebDriver下载文件? [英] How to download a file using the remote selenium webdriver?
问题描述
我正在使用远程selenium
网络驱动程序来执行一些测试.但是,在某个时候,我需要下载文件并检查其内容.
I am using a remote selenium
webdriver to perform some tests. At some point, however, I need to download a file and check its contents.
我正在使用远程Webdriver,如下所示(在python
中):
I am using the remote webdriver as follows (in python
):
PROXY = ...
prefs = {
"profile.default_content_settings.popups":0,
"download.prompt_for_download": "false",
"download.default_directory": os.getcwd(),
}
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.CHROME['proxy'] = {
"httpProxy":PROXY,
"ftpProxy":PROXY,
"sslProxy":PROXY,
"noProxy":None,
"proxyType":"MANUAL",
"class":"org.openqa.selenium.Proxy",
"autodetect":False
}
driver = webdriver.Remote(
command_executor='http://aaa.bbb.ccc:4444/wd/hub',
desired_capabilities=DesiredCapabilities.CHROME)
使用普通"网络驱动程序,我可以在本地计算机上下载文件而没有任何问题.然后我可以使用测试代码例如验证下载文件的内容(可以根据测试参数进行更改).这不是对下载本身的测试,但是我需要一种方法来验证生成文件的内容 ...
With a 'normal' webdriver I am able to download the file without issues on the local computer. Then I can use the testing code to e.g. verify the content of the downloaded file (which can change depending on test parameters). It is not a test of the download itself, but I need a way to verify the contents of the generated file ...
但是如何使用远程网络驱动程序来做到这一点?我没有发现任何地方有帮助...
But how to do that using a remote webdriver? I have not found anything helpful anywhere...
推荐答案
Selenium API无法提供一种方法来获取在远程计算机上下载的文件.
The Selenium API doesn't provide a way to get a file downloaded on a remote machine.
但是根据浏览器的不同,单独使用Selenium还是有可能的.
But it's still possible with Selenium alone depending on the browser.
使用Chrome浏览器,可以通过导航chrome://downloads/
列出下载的文件,并在页面中注入<input type="file">
进行检索:
With Chrome the downloaded files can be listed by navigating chrome://downloads/
and retrieved with an injected <input type="file">
in the page :
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import os, time, base64
def get_downloaded_files(driver):
if not driver.current_url.startswith("chrome://downloads"):
driver.get("chrome://downloads/")
return driver.execute_script( \
"return downloads.Manager.get().items_ "
" .filter(e => e.state === 'COMPLETE') "
" .map(e => e.filePath || e.file_path); " )
def get_file_content(driver, path):
elem = driver.execute_script( \
"var input = window.document.createElement('INPUT'); "
"input.setAttribute('type', 'file'); "
"input.hidden = true; "
"input.onchange = function (e) { e.stopPropagation() }; "
"return window.document.documentElement.appendChild(input); " )
elem._execute('sendKeysToElement', {'value': [ path ], 'text': path})
result = driver.execute_async_script( \
"var input = arguments[0], callback = arguments[1]; "
"var reader = new FileReader(); "
"reader.onload = function (ev) { callback(reader.result) }; "
"reader.onerror = function (ex) { callback(ex.message) }; "
"reader.readAsDataURL(input.files[0]); "
"input.remove(); "
, elem)
if not result.startswith('data:') :
raise Exception("Failed to get file content: %s" % result)
return base64.b64decode(result[result.find('base64,') + 7:])
capabilities_chrome = { \
'browserName': 'chrome',
# 'proxy': { \
# 'proxyType': 'manual',
# 'sslProxy': '50.59.162.78:8088',
# 'httpProxy': '50.59.162.78:8088'
# },
'goog:chromeOptions': { \
'args': [
],
'prefs': { \
# 'download.default_directory': "",
# 'download.directory_upgrade': True,
'download.prompt_for_download': False,
'plugins.always_open_pdf_externally': True,
'safebrowsing_for_trusted_sources_enabled': False
}
}
}
driver = webdriver.Chrome(desired_capabilities=capabilities_chrome)
#driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:5555/wd/hub', capabilities_chrome)
# download a pdf file
driver.get("https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/foundation/documents")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[href$='.pdf']").click()
# list all the completed remote files (waits for at least one)
files = WebDriverWait(driver, 20, 1).until(get_downloaded_files)
# get the content of the first file remotely
content = get_file_content(driver, files[0])
# save the content in a local file in the working directory
with open(os.path.basename(files[0]), 'wb') as f:
f.write(content)
使用Firefox,可以通过切换上下文并使用脚本调用浏览器API来直接列出和检索文件:
With Firefox, the files can be directly listed and retrieved by calling the browser API with a script by switching the context :
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
import os, time, base64
def get_file_names_moz(driver):
driver.command_executor._commands["SET_CONTEXT"] = ("POST", "/session/$sessionId/moz/context")
driver.execute("SET_CONTEXT", {"context": "chrome"})
return driver.execute_async_script("""
var { Downloads } = Components.utils.import('resource://gre/modules/Downloads.jsm', {});
Downloads.getList(Downloads.ALL)
.then(list => list.getAll())
.then(entries => entries.filter(e => e.succeeded).map(e => e.target.path))
.then(arguments[0]);
""")
driver.execute("SET_CONTEXT", {"context": "content"})
def get_file_content_moz(driver, path):
driver.execute("SET_CONTEXT", {"context": "chrome"})
result = driver.execute_async_script("""
var { OS } = Cu.import("resource://gre/modules/osfile.jsm", {});
OS.File.read(arguments[0]).then(function(data) {
var base64 = Cc["@mozilla.org/scriptablebase64encoder;1"].getService(Ci.nsIScriptableBase64Encoder);
var stream = Cc['@mozilla.org/io/arraybuffer-input-stream;1'].createInstance(Ci.nsIArrayBufferInputStream);
stream.setData(data.buffer, 0, data.length);
return base64.encodeToString(stream, data.length);
}).then(arguments[1]);
""", path)
driver.execute("SET_CONTEXT", {"context": "content"})
return base64.b64decode(result)
capabilities_moz = { \
'browserName': 'firefox',
'marionette': True,
'acceptInsecureCerts': True,
'moz:firefoxOptions': { \
'args': [],
'prefs': {
# 'network.proxy.type': 1,
# 'network.proxy.http': '12.157.129.35', 'network.proxy.http_port': 8080,
# 'network.proxy.ssl': '12.157.129.35', 'network.proxy.ssl_port': 8080,
'browser.download.dir': '',
'browser.helperApps.neverAsk.saveToDisk': 'application/octet-stream,application/pdf',
'browser.download.useDownloadDir': True,
'browser.download.manager.showWhenStarting': False,
'browser.download.animateNotifications': False,
'browser.safebrowsing.downloads.enabled': False,
'browser.download.folderList': 2,
'pdfjs.disabled': True
}
}
}
# launch Firefox
# driver = webdriver.Firefox(capabilities=capabilities_moz)
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:5555/wd/hub', capabilities_moz)
# download a pdf file
driver.get("https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/foundation/documents")
driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[href$='.pdf']").click()
# list all the downloaded files (waits for at least one)
files = WebDriverWait(driver, 20, 1).until(get_file_names_moz)
# get the content of the last downloaded file
content = get_file_content_moz(driver, files[0])
# save the content in a local file in the working directory
with open(os.path.basename(files[0]), 'wb') as f:
f.write(content)
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