NameError:全局名称"xrange"未在Python 3中定义 [英] NameError: global name 'xrange' is not defined in Python 3

问题描述

运行python程序时出现错误:

I am getting an error when running a python program:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 110, in <module>
  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 27, in __init__
  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 4.1\src\debug\tserver\class\inventory.py", line 17, in __init__
builtins.NameError: global name 'xrange' is not defined

游戏来自此处.

什么原因导致此错误?

推荐答案

您正尝试使用Python 3运行Python 2代码库. range() 在Python 3中.

You are trying to run a Python 2 codebase with Python 3. xrange() was renamed to range() in Python 3.

改为使用Python 2运行游戏.除非您知道自己在做什么，否则不要尝试移植它，很有可能除了xrange()还是range()之外，还会有更多问题.

Run the game with Python 2 instead. Don't try to port it unless you know what you are doing, most likely there will be more problems beyond xrange() vs. range().

作为记录，您看到的不是语法错误，而是运行时异常.

For the record, what you are seeing is not a syntax error but a runtime exception instead.

如果您确实知道自己在做什么，并且正在积极地使Python 2代码库与Python 3兼容，则可以通过在模块中添加全局名称作为range的别名来桥接代码. (考虑到您可能 必须用list(range(...))更新Python 2代码库中任何现有的range()使用，以确保您仍然在Python 3中获得列表对象):

If you do know what your are doing and are actively making a Python 2 codebase compatible with Python 3, you can bridge the code by adding the global name to your module as an alias for range. (Take into account that you may have to update any existing range() use in the Python 2 codebase with list(range(...)) to ensure you still get a list object in Python 3):

try:
    # Python 2
    xrange
except NameError:
    # Python 3, xrange is now named range
    xrange = range

# Python 2 code that uses xrange(...) unchanged, and any
# range(...) replaced with list(range(...))

或在代码库中将所有对xrange(...)的使用替换为range(...)，然后使用其他填充片使Python 3语法与Python 2兼容:

or replace all uses of xrange(...) with range(...) in the codebase and then use a different shim to make the Python 3 syntax compatible with Python 2:

try:
    # Python 2 forward compatibility
    range = xrange
except NameError:
    pass

# Python 2 code transformed from range(...) -> list(range(...)) and
# xrange(...) -> range(...).

从长远来看，对于希望仅与Python 3兼容的代码库而言，后者是更可取的，然后在可能的情况下使用Python 3语法会更容易.

The latter is preferable for codebases that want to aim to be Python 3 compatible only in the long run, it is easier to then just use Python 3 syntax whenever possible.

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