我该如何解决`以下软件包具有未满足的依赖关系` [英] How do I resolve `The following packages have unmet dependencies`

问题描述

我当时使用此脚本来安装基本软件，但由于互联网速度较慢而不得不中断. 现在，当我点击$ sudo apt-get install npm时，出现以下错误

I was using this script to install basic software, but had to interrupt because of slow internet speed. Now when I hit $ sudo apt-get install npm , I get following error

yask123@yaskslaptop:~$ sudo apt-get installed npm
E: Invalid operation installed
yask123@yaskslaptop:~$ sudo apt-get install npm
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 npm : Depends: nodejs but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-abbrev (>= 1.0.4) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-ansi (>= 0.3.0-2) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-ansi-color-table but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-archy but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-block-stream but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-fstream (>= 0.1.22) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-fstream-ignore but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-github-url-from-git but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-glob (>= 3.1.21) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-graceful-fs (>= 2.0.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-inherits but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-ini (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-lockfile but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-lru-cache (>= 2.3.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-minimatch (>= 0.2.11) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-mkdirp (>= 0.3.3) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-gyp (>= 0.10.9) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-nopt (>= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-npmlog but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-once but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-osenv but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-read but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-read-package-json (>= 1.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-request (>= 2.25.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-retry but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-rimraf (>= 2.2.2) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-semver (>= 2.1.0) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-sha but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-slide but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-tar (>= 0.1.18) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-underscore but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: node-which but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

推荐答案

让Ubuntu修复未满足的依赖关系和损坏的软件包的命令是

The command to have Ubuntu fix unmet dependencies and broken packages is

sudo apt-get install -f

从手册页:

-f，--fix损坏 使固定;尝试更正具有损坏的依存关系的系统. 与安装/删除一起使用时，此选项可以省略任何软件包 允许APT推断可能的解决方案.如果包装是 指定，这些必须完全纠正问题.选项 首次运行APT时有时是必要的；易于 本身不允许损坏的程序包依赖项存在于 系统.系统的依赖关系结构可能是 如此腐败以至于需要人工干预(通常意味着 使用dselect(1)或dpkg --remove消除一些 令人反感的软件包)

-f, --fix-broken Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually means using dselect(1) or dpkg --remove to eliminate some of the offending packages)

当您运行命令时，Ubuntu会尝试自行修复.完成后，您可以通过再次运行该命令来测试它是否有效，并且您应该会收到类似以下的输出:

Ubuntu will try to fix itself when you run the command. When it completes, you can test if it worked by running the command again, and you should receive output similar to:

正在阅读包裹清单...已完成 建立依赖树 正在读取状态信息...完成 0已升级，0已新安装，0已删除和2未升级.

Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

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