Angular CLI构建目标与环境 [英] Angular CLI build target vs environment

问题描述

在 Angular CLI 中，--target和--environment有什么区别?运行 build 命令时的选项?

In the Angular CLI, what is the difference between the --target and --environment options when running the build command?

从文档中:

ng构建可以指定构建目标(--target = production或--target = development)和要与该构建一起使用的环境文件(--environment = dev或--environment = prod).默认情况下，使用开发构建目标和环境.

ng build can specify both a build target (--target=production or --target=development) and an environment file to be used with that build (--environment=dev or --environment=prod). By default, the development build target and environment are used.

但是，他们从未真正阐明两者之间的区别.

However, they never really clarify the distinction between the two.

据我所知，--environment标志控制着构建时使用哪个环境文件(environment.ts与environment.prod.ts).但是--target控制什么?

From what I can gather, the --environment flag controls which environment file (environment.ts vs environment.prod.ts) gets used when doing the build. But then what does --target control?

推荐答案

--environment 是 apps [0] .environments 对象的键. .angular-cli.json

--environment is a key for the apps[0].environments object from .angular-cli.json

它类似于运行环境的配置文件(例如:本地，开发服务器，测试服务器，CI服务器，舞台服务器，生产服务器等). apps [0] .environments 对象的值是具有环境所有设置的文件名.在那里，您可以设置后端端点，密钥以及您想要的其他任何东西.然后，您可以在代码中使用它:

It is like a profile for the running environment (for example: local, development server, test server, CI server, stage server, production server and so on). The value of the apps[0].environments object is a file name with all settings for the environment. There you could set up backend endpoint, keys and whatever else you want. Then you could use it inside your code:

import {environment} from '@environments/environment';
const userEndPoint = `${environment.apiRoot}/user/`;

每个环境都可能是 production (environment.production === true)或非生产环境，即 development (environment.production === false).这是一个 target ，也可以使用下一个参数

Every environment could be production (environment.production === true) or non production i.e. development (environment.production === false). This is a target which could be defined also with the next parameter:

--target 是两个值的枚举:development或production.这是一个元"标志，它设置了其他标志:

--target is a enum of two values: development or production. It is a 'meta' flags, that set other flags:

标志| --dev | --prod
--- | --- | ---
--aot | false | true
--environment | dev | prod
--output-hashing | media | all
--sourcemaps | true | false
--extract-css | false | true
--named-chunks | true | false
--build-optimizer | false | true带有AOT和Angular 5

Flag | --dev | --prod
--- | --- | ---
--aot | false | true
--environment | dev | prod
--output-hashing | media | all
--sourcemaps | true | false
--extract-css | false | true
--named-chunks   | true | false
--build-optimizer | false | true with AOT and Angular 5

-prod还会设置以下不可举报的设置:
-如果在.angular-cli.json中配置，则添加服务工作程序.
-将模块中的process.env.NODE_ENV替换为生产值(某些库(例如react)需要此值).
-在代码上运行UglifyJS.

--prod also sets the following non-flaggable settings:
- Adds service worker if configured in .angular-cli.json.
- Replaces process.env.NODE_ENV in modules with the production value (this is needed for some libraries, like react).
- Runs UglifyJS on the code.

来自 https://github.com/angular/angular-cli/wiki/build/1cf783837c392f5fadc7286e1fb28220b9a1b507#--dev-vs---prod-builds

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