如何使用Espresso访问RecyclerView ViewHolder? [英] How to access RecyclerView ViewHolder with Espresso?

问题描述

我要测试RecyclerView的每个ViewHolder中包含的文本:

I want to test the text contained in each ViewHolder of my RecyclerView:

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class EspressoTest {

    private Activity mMainActivity;
    private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
    private int res_ID = R.id.recycler_view_ingredients;
    private int itemCount = 0;

    //TODO: What is the purpose of this rule as it relates to the Test below?
    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> firstRule = new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);


    //TODO: Very confused about Espresso testing and the dependencies required; it appears Recyclerview
    //TODO: Requires additional dependencies other than those mentioned in the Android documentation?
    //TODO: What would be best method of testing all views of RecyclerView? What is there is a dynamic number of Views that are populated in RecyclerView?


    //TODO: Instruction from StackOverflow Post: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/51678563/how-to-test-recyclerview-viewholder-text-with-espresso/51698252?noredirect=1#comment90433415_51698252
    //TODO: Is this necessary?
    @Before
    public void setupTest() {
        this.mMainActivity = this.firstRule.getActivity();
        this.mRecyclerView = this.mMainActivity.findViewById(this.res_ID);
        this.itemCount = this.mRecyclerView.getAdapter().getItemCount();

    }

    @Test
    public void testRecyclerViewClick() {
        Espresso.onView(ViewMatchers.withId(R.id.recycler_view_ingredients)).perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(1, ViewActions.click()));
    }

    //CANNOT CALL THIS METHOD, THE DEPENDENCIES ARE INCORRECT
    @Test
    public void testRecyclerViewText() {
        // Check item at position 3 has "Some content"
        onView(withRecyclerView(R.id.scroll_view).atPosition(3))
                .check(matches(hasDescendant(withText("Some content"))));


        }
     }
}

下面也是我的重点，我从不了解RecyclerView测试需要哪些单独的依赖项:

Below is my gradle as well, I never understood what separate dependencies are required for RecyclerView testing:

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer:2.6.1'
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.2'
    implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:27.1.1'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:testing-support-lib:0.1'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.0'
    androidTestImplementation('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-contrib:2.0') {
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'appcompat'
        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-v4'
        exclude module: 'recyclerview-v7'
    }
    implementation 'com.android.support:support-annotations:27.1.1'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:3.10.0'
    implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.2'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.10.0'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
    implementation 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:27.1.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer:2.6.0'
}

此外，如果RecyclerView动态填充数据怎么办?然后，您根本无法对要测试的位置进行硬编码....

Also, what if the RecyclerView populates data dynamically? Then you simply could not hard code the position you wanted to test....

推荐答案

Espresso软件包espresso-contrib是必需的，因为它提供了不支持断言的RecyclerViewActions.

Espresso package espresso-contrib is necessary, because it provides those RecyclerViewActions, which do not support assertions.

import android.support.test.espresso.contrib.RecyclerViewActions;
import android.support.test.rule.ActivityTestRule;
import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;

import org.hamcrest.Description;
import org.hamcrest.Matcher;
import org.hamcrest.TypeSafeMatcher;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import static android.support.test.espresso.Espresso.onView;
import static android.support.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.click;
import static android.support.test.espresso.assertion.ViewAssertions.matches;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId;
import static android.support.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withText;

@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class TestIngredients {

    /** the Activity of the Target application */
    private IngredientsActivity mActivity;

    /** the {@link RecyclerView}'s resource id */
    private int resId = R.id.recyclerview_ingredients;

    /** the {@link RecyclerView} */
    private IngredientsLinearView mRecyclerView;

    /** and it's item count */
    private int itemCount = 0;

    /**
     * such a {@link ActivityTestRule} can be used eg. for Intent.putExtra(),
     * alike one would pass command-line arguments to regular run configurations.
     * this code runs before the {@link FragmentActivity} is being started.
     * there also would be an {@link IntentsTestRule}, but not required here.
    **/
    @Rule
    public ActivityTestRule<IngredientsActivity> mActivityRule = new ActivityTestRule<IngredientsActivity>(IngredientsActivity.class) {

        @Override
        protected Intent getActivityIntent() {
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            Bundle extras = new Bundle();
            intent.putExtras(extras);
            return intent;
        }
    };

    @Before
    public void setUpTest() {

        /* obtaining the Activity from the ActivityTestRule */
        this.mActivity = this.mActivityRule.getActivity();

        /* obtaining handles to the Ui of the Activity */
        this.mRecyclerView = this.mActivity.findViewById(this.resId);
        this.itemCount = this.mRecyclerView.getAdapter().getItemCount();
    }

    @Test
    public void RecyclerViewTest() {
        if(this.itemCount > 0) {
            for(int i=0; i < this.itemCount; i++) {

                /* clicking the item */
                onView(withId(this.resId))
                  .perform(RecyclerViewActions.actionOnItemAtPosition(i, click()));

                /* check if the ViewHolder is being displayed */
                onView(new RecyclerViewMatcher(this.resId)
                  .atPositionOnView(i, R.id.cardview))
                  .check(matches(isDisplayed()));

                /* checking for the text of the first one item */
                if(i == 0) {
                    onView(new RecyclerViewMatcher(this.resId)
                      .atPositionOnView(i, R.id.ingredientName))
                      .check(matches(withText("Farbstoffe")));
                }

            }
        }
    }
}

相反，可以使用

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