Android Espresso:将一项活动跟踪到多个片段架构后，如何测试特定的片段 [英] Android Espresso: How do I test a specific Fragment when following one activity to several fragment architecture

问题描述

我的应用包含一个Activity代表许多Fragments.

My app consists of one Activity for many Fragments.

我希望使用Espresso来测试Fragments的UI.但是我遇到了一个问题.

I wish to use Espresso to test the UI of the Fragments. However I ran into a problem.

如何测试未添加到onCreate中Activity的Fragment.我在Fragments中看到的所有示例都涉及到onCreate中添加的Fragment. 那么我如何告诉Espresso转到特定的Fragment并从那里开始?

How can I test a Fragment which is not added to an Activity in onCreate. All examples I have seen with Fragments involve the Fragment being added in onCreate. So how can I tell Espresso to go to a specific Fragment and start from there?

谢谢

推荐答案

Espresso仅在显示Fragments时才能测试.这就要求它们必须用Activity显示.

Espresso can test Fragments only if they are displayed. And that requires them to be displayed by an Activity.

在当前设置下，您必须使用Espresso来(如用户一样)使用click()到您实际要测试的Fragment.

With your current setup you'll have to use Espresso to click() your way (like a user would) to the Fragment you actually want to test.

在我的一个项目中，我有一个显示Fragments的ViewPager.对于那些Fragments，我使用自定义的FragmentTestRule对其进行隔离测试.我可以直接启动每个Fragment并使用Espresso对其进行测试.参见此答案.

In one of my projects I have a ViewPager that displays Fragments. For those Fragments I use a custom FragmentTestRule to test them in isolation. I can start each Fragment directly and use Espresso to test it. See this answer.

您还可以:

• 请勿使用Fragments. Activities更易于测试.您可以单独测试每个Activity.在大多数情况下，Fragments没有提供优于Activities的优势. Fragments只是使实施和测试更加困难.
• 使FragmentActivity在创建时直接显示特定的Fragment.例如.通过为FragmentActivity提供额外的特殊意图.但这会在您的应用中添加测试代码，这通常不是一个好的解决方案.

• Do not use Fragments. Activities are easier to test. You can test each Activity on its own. In most cases Fragments offer no advantage over Activities. Fragments just make the implementation and testing more difficult.
• Enable your FragmentActivity to directly show a certain Fragment when it is created. E.g. by supplying a special intent extra to your FragmentActivity. But this would add testing code to your app, which is generally not a good solution.

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