Android Studio和带有插件的Intellij Idea之间的区别? [英] Difference between Android Studio and Intellij Idea with plugins?

问题描述

我们有一个现有的Java代码库，我们使用intellij构想进行开发.

We have an existing java code base where we use intellij idea for development.

我们正在构建一个android应用程序，在该应用程序中，我们将与预先存在的代码和资源库共享代码和其他资源.

We are building an android application where we will be sharing code and other resources with the pre-existing code and resource base.

由于Android Studio似乎主要是Intellij的修改版本，所以我的问题是，Android Studio是否具有必不可少的完全特定的功能?不相容? 标准"?与Intellij Idea社区还是终极版?两者是否可以通过适当的插件集互换?

As Android Studio seems mainly to be a modified version of Intellij my question is are there totally specific features Android Studio has that are indispensable? Incompatible? "Standard"? vs Intellij Idea community or ultimate? Are the two interchangeable with a proper plugin set?

如果我们将Intellij Idea与各种Android支持插件一起使用，这些插件与android studio附带的插件一样吗?有了这套插件，程序几乎可以互换了吗?

If we were to use Intellij Idea with the various Android support plugins, are these plugins the same as what comes with android studio? With this set of plugins will the programs virtually interchangeable?

(我确实注意到"ant"支持不在Android Studio中.尽管我所需要的只是某种能力，它可以使用一组菜单可配置项针对各种命令从IDE调用可执行文件-我现在使用intellij ant支持来做这是因为它可用)

(I did notice "ant" support is not in Android Studio. though all I need is some ability to invoke executables from the IDE with a set of menu configurable entries for various commands - I now use the intellij ant support to do this because it was available)

Intellij会一直滞后于Android Studio，因为它是Google的官方"工具.

Will Intellij always be lagging releases being Android Studio as it is Google's "Official" Tool.

如果它们明显不兼容，那么在两个系统之间使用公共资源和工具的最简单方法是什么?

If they are significantly incompatible, what is the easiest way to use common resources and tools between the two systems?

推荐答案

更新后的答案2019年11月

过去，安装了Android插件的IntelliJ IDEA中没有提供Android Studio中没有的功能.但是，自成立以来，Android Studio不断发展壮大，并且与IntelliJ IDEA的分歧越来越大，尤其是最近.现在，Android Studio中捆绑了一些与IntelliJ IDEA不兼容的插件.一个这样的例子是 Android APK支持，该版本于2019年6月首次发布此外，还有一些与Android Studio捆绑在一起的基于Android的插件，这些插件甚至没有在JetBrains插件网站上列出(目前)，例如"Android游戏"，"Android NDK支持"，应用链接助手"等.

Updated Answer November 2019

In the past, there was no functionality in Android Studio that was not present in IntelliJ IDEA with the Android plugin installed. However, since its inception, Android Studio has grown and has diverged more and more from IntelliJ IDEA, especially recently. There are now some plugins bundled in Android Studio that are not compatible with IntelliJ IDEA. One such example is the Android APK Support which was first released in June 2019. Moreover, there are some Android based plugins bundled with Android Studio that are not even listed on the JetBrains Plugin site (at this time) such as "Android Games", "Android NDK Support", "App Links Assistant", among others.

因此，此时，最好将Android Studio用于Android项目，并将IntelliJ IDEA用于任何辅助开发，例如服务器端应用程序.

Thus at this time, it is likely best to use Android Studio for Android Projects, and use IntelliJ IDEA for any ancillary development, such as server side applications.

JetBrains Toolbox应用使轻松并排安装和使用两个IDE变得容易.它还使升级(以及在需要时回滚)超级容易.几年前首次推出时，该工具箱不支持Android Studio.因此，选择一个或另一个是更多的问题".此外，通过使用设置存储库插件(两个IDE都捆绑在一起)，您可以轻松地使两个IntelliJ Platform IDE之间的设置保持同步. (请参见通过设置存储库共享设置).因此，在Toolbox App和设置存储库插件"之间，同时使用这两者很方便(IMHO).

The JetBrains Toolbox App makes it easy to install and use the two IDEs side by side. It also makes upgrading (and rolling back if ever desired) super easy as well. The toolbox did not support Android Studio when it first came out years ago. And thus picking one or the other was more of an "issue". Additionally, by using the Settings Repository Plugin (bundled in both IDEs) you can easily keep settings between the two IntelliJ Platform IDEs in sync. (See Share settings through a settings repository in the IntelliJ IDEA documentation.) Thus, between the Toolbox App and The Settings Repository Plugin, it's convenient (IMHO) to just use both.

首先，免责声明...因为我在IntelliJ IDEA中完成所有工作，所以我只使用了Android Studio.但是自2003年以来，我一直是IntelliJ IDEA的狂热用户.

First, a disclaimer... I have only lightly used Android Studio as I do all my work in IntelliJ IDEA. But I have been an avid user of IntelliJ IDEA since 2003.

由于Android Studio似乎主要是Intellij的修改版本，所以我的问题是，Android Studio是否具有必不可少的完全特定的功能?不相容? 标准"?与Intellij Idea社区还是终极版?两者是否可以通过适当的插件集互换?

As Android Studio seems mainly to be a modified version of Intellij my question is are there totally specific features Android Studio has that are indispensable? Incompatible? "Standard"? vs Intellij Idea community or ultimate? Are the two interchangeable with a proper plugin set?

快速的答案是，在安装并启用了Android插件的情况下，您无法在IntelliJ IDEA(社区或终极版)中在Android Studio中做任何事情.这是IntelliJ IDEA功能矩阵的屏幕截图，可以说明这一点:

The quick answer is there is nothing you can do in Android Studio that you cannot do in IntelliJ IDEA (Community or Ultimate) with the Android Plugin installed and enabled. Here is a screenshot from the IntelliJ IDEA features matrix that makes that point:

基本上，与IntelliJ IDEA相比，Android Studio在Android上具有更多的品牌".而且，由于它只是Android IDE，所以可以更加专注".正如我提到的，您无法在Intellij IDEA中执行的任何操作都可以在Android Studio中进行.但是事实并非如此.您可以在IntelliJ IDEA(社区版和最终版)中执行很多(非Android)操作，而在Android Studio中则无法执行.

Basically, Android studio has more "branding" for Android than IntelliJ IDEA. And since it is just an Android IDE, it can be more "focused". As I mentioned, there is nothing you can do in Android Studio that you can't do in Intellij IDEA. But the opposite is not true. There are a number of (non-Android) things you can do in IntelliJ IDEA (both the community and ultimate editions) that you cannot do in Android Studio.

关于Android Studio是否可以使用IntelliJ IDEA插件的问题，这将取决于插件及其利用的组件(在IntelliJ插件API中).编写插件时，必须声明(在插件描述符中)使用的API依赖项.一些示例是com.intellij.modules.lang，com.intellij.modules.java，AntSupport和Git4Idea.有数十种(甚至数百种)可能性，包括其他插件.因此，如果某个插件(或其中一个依赖项)最终使用了Android Studio中未包含的插件API中的某些内容，则该插件将无法工作.例如，我编写的一个插件(与移动开发完全无关)在JetBrains插件页面上列出与Android Studio兼容，因为它仅取决于com.intellij.modules.lang和com.intellij.modules.java.因此，尽管它可以双向运行，但由于依赖于该插件特有的内容，因此(由于安装了更多组件的IntelliJ IDEA)插件可能仅在IntelliJ IDEA中兼容.

Regarding the question on whether or not Android studio can use IntelliJ IDEA plugins, that's going to depend on the plugin and what components (within the IntelliJ plugin API) it leverages. When you write a plugin, you have to declare (in your plugin descriptor) what API dependencies you use. Some examples are com.intellij.modules.lang, com.intellij.modules.java, AntSupport, and Git4Idea. There are dozens, if not hundreds, of possibilities - including other plugins. So if a plugin (or one of it dependencies) ends up using something in the plugin API that is not included in Android Studio, that plugin will not work. For example, one plugin I wrote (that has absolutely nothing to do with mobile development), lists on the JetBrains Plugin page as being compatible with Android Studio because it only depends on com.intellij.modules.lang and com.intellij.modules.java. So while it can go both ways, it is more likely that (due to IntelliJ IDEA having more components installed) a plugin may only be compatible in IntelliJ IDEA as a result of a dependency on something that is unique to that plugin.

Intellij会一直滞后于Android Studio，因为它是Google的官方"工具.

Will Intellij always be lagging releases being Android Studio as it is Google's "Official" Tool.

它可以双向进行. JetBrains可能需要花费一些时间才能发布Android Studio. Google可能需要花费一些时间才能实现IntelliJ IDEA.但是，后者很可能会更加普遍.但是，我不知道该延迟有多长时间.这架JetBrians博客文章可能会在这方面有所帮助: IntelliJ IDEA和Android Studio常见问题解答

It can go both ways. JetBrains may add things that take time to hit Android Studio; and Google may add things that take time to hit IntelliJ IDEA. It is most likely, however, the latter will be more prevalent. However, I do not know off hand how long that delay is. This JetBrians blog post may help in that regard: IntelliJ IDEA and Android Studio FAQ

我个人的建议是:如果您只打算进行Android开发，请使用Android Studio.此外，由于大多数文档和技术资料，新的Android开发人员都可能会发现Android Studio更合适.教程将显示它，并且IntelliJ IDEA中可能偶尔会有细微的差别(例如，菜单中的某些位置).但是，如果您将使用Java，Kotlin，Groovy和/或Scala或其他语言(Python，php，html，css，JavaScript等)或任何服务器端(或企业")从事JVM专用项目， )代码-适用于您的Android应用或其他工作，然后使用IntelliJ IDEA.

My personal recommendations would be: If you know you are only going to be doing Android development, then go with Android Studio. Also new Android developers would likely find Android Studio a better fit since most documentation & tutorials will show it and there may be the occasional minor difference (such as where something is located in a menu) in IntelliJ IDEA. But if you will be working in JVM dedicated projects using Java, Kotlin, Groovy and/or Scala, or with other languages (Python, php, html, css, JavaScript, etc., etc.) or any server side (or "enterprise") code - either for your Android apps or for other work, then go with IntelliJ IDEA.

已编辑，于2018年8月4日进行了澄清，并添加了屏幕截图.

Edited Aug 4, 2018 for some clarification and an added screenshot.

已更新，于2019年11月25日添加新信息.

Updated Nov 25, 2019 to add new information.

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