为什么使用apt.Cache而不是apt.cache.Cache()创建对象 [英] Why object is created using apt.Cache rather than apt.cache.Cache()
问题描述
我陷入了困境,我无法前进,对于这个愚蠢的问题,我们深表歉意.我为此进行了很多搜索,但我不知道自己缺少什么.请帮助我.
i'm stucked at a point and i can't progress, sorry for this silly question. I searched a lot for that but i couldn't know what i am missing. Please help me.
我研究了python中的模块和类.现在,我想使用python和apt进行一些操作.我正在从以下学校学习: http://apt.alioth .debian.org/python-apt-doc/library/apt.cache.html 但是,我不明白,该模块是apt.cache,如页面顶部所示.我期望该对象应该通过编写apt.cache.Cache()创建,但是对象是通过编写apt.Cache()创建的,如下所示.为什么?
I studied modules and classes in python. Now i want to make some operations using python and apt. I'm studying from : http://apt.alioth.debian.org/python-apt-doc/library/apt.cache.html However, i couldn't understand, the module is apt.cache, as shown in the top of the page. I expected that object should be created by writing apt.cache.Cache(), but object is created by writing apt.Cache(), as shown below. Why?
import apt
import apt.progress
# First of all, open the cache
cache = apt.Cache()
# Now, lets update the package list
cache.update()
# We need to re-open the cache because it needs to read the package list
cache.open(None)
# Now we can do the same as 'apt-get upgrade' does
cache.upgrade()
# or we can play 'apt-get dist-upgrade'
cache.upgrade(True)
# Q: Why does nothing happen?
# A: You forgot to call commit()!
cache.commit(apt.progress.TextFetchProgress(),
apt.progress.InstallProgress())
第二个类似的问题与下面的代码有关,Cache类是从模块apt.cache导入的.我希望可以通过编写apt.cache.Cache()创建该对象,但是可以通过编写apt.Cache()创建该对象.为什么?
Second similar question is about below code, Cache class is imported from module apt.cache. I expected that object would be created by writing apt.cache.Cache(), but it is created by writing apt.Cache(). Why?
>>> from apt.cache import FilteredCache, Cache, MarkedChangesFilter
>>> cache = apt.Cache()
>>> changed = apt.FilteredCache(cache)
>>> changed.set_filter(MarkedChangesFilter())
>>> print len(changed) == len(cache.get_changes()) # Both need to have same length
True
预先感谢
推荐答案
If you look at the __init__.py
file of the apt package, you see the line:
__all__ = ['Cache', 'Cdrom', 'Package']
python 文档说:
import语句使用以下约定:如果软件包的 __ init__.py代码定义了一个名为 all 的列表,它是从包导入时应导入的模块名称的列表 *.
The import statement uses the following convention: if a package’s __ init__.py code defines a list named all, it is taken to be the list of module names that should be imported when from package import * is encountered.
这就是为什么您可以使用apt.Cache()
That's the reason why you can use apt.Cache()
对于问题的第二部分,您可以直接使用
For the second part of your question you can import directly the Cache class with
from apt.cache import Cache
cache = Cache()
您还可以使用以下方式导入Cache类
You can also import the Cache class with
import apt
cache = apt.Cache() //because of the __all__ variable in __init__.py
cache = apt.cache.Cache() //because it's a fully qualified name
这篇关于为什么使用apt.Cache而不是apt.cache.Cache()创建对象的文章就介绍到这了,希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持IT屋!