档案文件系统或格式 [英] Archival filesystem or format

问题描述

我正在寻找一种文件类型，用于存储已退役的系统档案.目前，我们主要使用tar.gz，但是从200GB的tar.gz归档文件中查找和提取几个文件并不方便，因为tar.gz不支持任何形式的随机读取设置. (在您开始构思之前，使用FUSE装入tgz并不会使其变得更好.)

I'm looking for a file type for storing archives of systems that have been decomissioned. At the moment, we primarily use tar.gz, but finding and extracting just a few files from a 200GB tar.gz archive is unwieldy, since tar.gz doesn't support any sort of random-access read provision. (And before you get the idea, mounting a tgz using FUSE doen't make it better.)

这是我们到目前为止找到的内容-我想知道还有哪些其他选择:

Here's what we've found so far -- I'd like to know what other options there are:

• tar.gz -随机读取不良
• zip -缺少对某些高级文件系统功能(例如硬链接，xattrs)的支持
• squashfs -创建大型归档文件(许多小时)和不良的用户空间工具需要花费很长时间.

• tar.gz -- poor random-access read
• zip -- lacks support for some advanced filesystem features (e.g: hard links, xattrs)
• squashfs -- takes an extremely long time to create a large archive (many hours) and poor userspace tools.

我正在尝试一种简单的方法来将功能齐全的文件系统映像创建到尽可能小的空间内-在cloop映像中使用ext2，但这似乎并不是一种特别用户友好的解决方案.

I'm trying to think of a simple way of creating a full-featured filesystem image into as small a space as possible -- ext2 in a cloop image, but it doesn't seem like a particularly user-friendly solution.

大概这个问题以前已经解决过-我错过了什么选择吗?

Presumably this problem has been solved before -- are there any options I've missed?

推荐答案

virt-sparsify 可用于稀疏化(并通过qemu的qcow2 gzip支持)压缩几乎所有的linux文件系统或磁盘映像.生成的映像可以通过 guestmount 安装在VM或主机上.

virt-sparsify can be used to sparsify and (through qemu's qcow2 gzip support) compress almost any linux filesystem or disk image. The resulting images can be mounted in a VM, or on the host through guestmount.

有一个新的ndbkit xz 插件可用于更高的压缩率，仍然保持良好的随机访问性能(只要您要求xz/ pixz 来重置块边界上的压缩).

There's a new ndbkit xz plugin that can be used for higher compression, which still keeps good random-access performance (as long as you ask xz/pixz to reset compression on block boundaries).

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