指定输入参数argparse python的格式 [英] Specify format for input arguments argparse python

问题描述

我有一个需要一些命令行输入的python脚本，并且我正在使用argparse对其进行解析.我发现文档有点混乱，找不到在输入参数中检查格式的方法.这个示例脚本解释了我检查格式的意思:

I have a python script that requires some command line inputs and I am using argparse for parsing them. I found the documentation a bit confusing and couldn't find a way to check for a format in the input parameters. What I mean by checking format is explained with this example script:

parser.add_argument('-s', "--startdate", help="The Start Date - format YYYY-MM-DD ", required=True)
parser.add_argument('-e', "--enddate", help="The End Date format YYYY-MM-DD (Inclusive)", required=True)
parser.add_argument('-a', "--accountid", type=int, help='Account ID for the account for which data is required (Default: 570)')
parser.add_argument('-o', "--outputpath", help='Directory where output needs to be stored (Default: ' + os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

我需要检查选项-s和-e用户输入的格式为YYYY-MM-DD.在argparse中有一个我不知道哪个选项可以完成此任务.

I need to check for option -s and -e that the input by the user is in the format YYYY-MM-DD. Is there an option in argparse that I do not know of which accomplishes this.

推荐答案

每文档:

add_argument()的type关键字参数允许执行任何必要的类型检查和类型转换... type=可以接受带有单个字符串参数并返回转换后值的任何可调用项

The type keyword argument of add_argument() allows any necessary type-checking and type conversions to be performed ... type= can take any callable that takes a single string argument and returns the converted value

您可以执行以下操作:

def valid_date(s):
    try:
        return datetime.strptime(s, "%Y-%m-%d")
    except ValueError:
        msg = "Not a valid date: '{0}'.".format(s)
        raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(msg)

然后将其用作type:

parser.add_argument("-s", 
                    "--startdate", 
                    help="The Start Date - format YYYY-MM-DD", 
                    required=True, 
                    type=valid_date)

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