Xunit项目中的依赖注入 [英] Dependency injection in Xunit project

问题描述

我正在研究ASP.Net Core MVC Web应用程序.

I am working on an ASP.Net Core MVC Web application.

我的解决方案"包含2个项目:一个用于应用程序，另一个用于单元测试.

My Solution contains 2 projects: One for the application and a second project, dedicated to unit tests.

我在Tests项目中添加了对应用程序项目的引用.

I have added a reference to the application project in the Tests project.

我现在要做的是在Tests项目中编写一个类，该类将通过实体框架与数据库进行通信.

What I want to do now is to write a class in the Tests project which will communicate with the database through entity framework.

我在应用程序项目中所做的就是通过构造函数依赖项注入来访问DbContext类.

What I was doing in my application project was to access to my DbContext class through constructor dependency injection.

但是我无法在测试项目中执行此操作，因为我没有Startup.cs文件.在此文件中，我可以声明哪些服务可用.

But I cannot do this in my tests project, because I have no Startup.cs file. In this file I can declare which services will be available.

那我该怎么做才能在测试类中获得对我的DbContext实例的引用?

So what can I do to get a reference to an instance of my DbContext in the test class?

谢谢

推荐答案

您可以实现自己的服务提供商来解析DbContext.

You can implement your own service provider to resolve DbContext.

public class DbFixture
{
    public DbFixture()
    {
        var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();
        serviceCollection
            .AddDbContext<SomeContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer("connection string"),
                ServiceLifetime.Transient);

         ServiceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();
    }

    public ServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; private set; }
}

public class UnitTest1:IClassFixture<DbFixture>
{
    private ServiceProvider _serviceProvide;

    public UnitTest1(DbFixture fixture)
    {
        _serviceProvide = fixture.ServiceProvider;
    }

    [Fact]
    public void Test1()
    {
        using (var context = _serviceProvider.GetService<SomeContext>())
        {
        }
    }
}

但是请记住，在单元测试中使用EF并不是一个好主意，并且最好模拟DbContext.

But bear in your mind using EF inside unit test is not good idea and it's better to mock DbContext.

良好单元测试的剖析 .

The Anatomy of Good Unit Testing .

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