如何在ASP.NET Core中定义和使用不同的用户类型 [英] How to Define and use Different User Types in ASP.NET Core

问题描述

该应用程序在ASP.NET Core 2.1中具有以下用户和控制器.

The application has the following users and controller in ASP.NET Core 2.1.

AppUser

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MyApp.Models
{
    public class AppUser : IdentityUser
    {
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
    }
}

DifferentUser

namespace MyApp.Models
{
    public class DifferentUser : AppUser
    {
        public string Property1 { get; set; }
    }
}

DifferentUserController.cs

using System.Threading.Tasks;
using MyApp.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

    namespace MyApp.Controllers
    {
        [Authorize(Roles = "DifferentUser")]
        public class DifferentUserController : Controller
        {

            private UserManager<AppUser> userManager;

            public DifferentUserController(UserManager<AppUser> _userManager)
            {
                userManager = _userManager;
            }

            [HttpGet]
            public async Task<IActionResult> Index()
            {
                var user = (DifferentUser) await userManager.GetUserAsync(HttpContext.User);
                return View("~/Views/DifferentUser/Index.cshtml", user);
            }
        }
    }

在DifferentUserController中，Index方法应该返回视图，并将当前登录的DifferentUser传递给该视图.但是它返回以下错误.

Within the DifferentUserController, the Index method should return the view, and pass it the currently logged in DifferentUser. But it returns the following error.

InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'MyApp.Models.AppUser' to type 'MyApp.Models.DifferentUser'.

在ASP.NET Core 2.1中处理不同用户类型的正确/最佳方法是什么?

What is the correct/best way of handling different user types in ASP.NET Core 2.1?

Startup.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using MyApp.Models;
using MyApp.Infrastructure;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;

namespace MyApp
{
    public class Startup
    {

        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration) =>
            Configuration = configuration;

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddTransient<IPasswordValidator<AppUser>,
                CustomPasswordValidator>();

            services.AddTransient<IUserValidator<AppUser>,
                CustomUserValidator>();

            services.AddDbContext<AppIdentityDbContext>(options =>
                options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));

            services.AddIdentity<AppUser, IdentityRole>(opts => {
                opts.User.RequireUniqueEmail = true;
                opts.Password.RequiredLength = 6;
                opts.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;
                opts.Password.RequireLowercase = false;
                opts.Password.RequireUppercase = false;
                opts.Password.RequireDigit = false;
            }).AddEntityFrameworkStores<AppIdentityDbContext>()
                .AddDefaultTokenProviders();

            services.AddMvc();
        }

        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
        {
            app.UseStatusCodePages();
            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
        }
    }
}

推荐答案

为避免强制转换，您可以使用枚举定义用户类型，并在两种情况下都使用AppUser类.在这种情况下，这将成为可能.

To avoid the need to cast, you could use an enum to define your user type and use your AppUser class in both cases. This will make it possible in this scenario.

public class AppUser : IdentityUser
{
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    public UserType Type { get; set; }

    public enum UserType {
        User,
        OtherUser
    }
}

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