还是取决于体系结构?
Or does it depend on the architecture?
是的.这取决于架构:
对于大多数CPU ，一个地址表示 8位.
内存中的每个字节都有一个单独的地址.
Each byte in the memory has an individual address.
TMS320 DSP 是一个CPU的示例，其中一个地址表示 16位.
The TMS320 DSP is an example for a CPU where one address represents 16 bits.
这意味着内存中的每个16位字(uint16)都有一个单独的地址.
This means that each 16-bit word (uint16) in the memory has an individual address.
还有一些计算机(其中许多都是历史悠久的)，其中每个地址代表 12 ， 13 ， 14 ， 16 ， 24 或 36位(甚至更多)...
There are also computers (many of them historic) where each address represents 12, 13, 14, 16, 24 or 36 bits (and maybe even more) ...
(不幸的是，我不知道使用64位地址的CPU的示例，每个地址不使用8位，但是我很确定也存在这种CPU.)
(Unfortunately, I don't know an example for a CPU using 64-bit addresses not using 8 bits per address but I'm quite sure such CPUs also exist.)
然后是并非所有地址都存在的内存类型.看起来可能是这样的:
Then there are memory types where not all addresses exist. This may look the following way:
可被4整除的地址表示 32位信息；其他地址无法使用-这意味着这些地址完全表示没有信息.
Addresses which are divisible by 4 represent 32 bits of information; other addresses cannot be used - which means that these addresses represent no information at all.
因此，地址的平均值"为8位，但是没有地址表示8位.
So the "average" over the addresses is 8 bits but there is no address that represents 8 bits.
通常，在安装了两种不同类型的内存的计算机中会看到这种现象，并且一种类型同时允许8位和32位访问，而另一种类型只允许32位访问.
Typically you see such a behavior in a computer where two different types of memory are installed and one type allows both 8- and 32-bit access while the other type only allows 32-bit access.
外围设备的存储器通常是这种情况，例如某些微控制器中以太网控制器的存储器.
And this is often the case for the memory of peripheral devices - for example the memory of the Ethernet controller in some microcontrollers.
据我所记得，我已经看到用于PC的PCI SCSI控制器也显示了此行为.将SCSI控制器安装到64位计算机中，并且计算机包含一定范围的地址，其中所有地址的25％代表32位数据，而所有地址的75％根本不代表任何数据.
Is far as I remember correctly, I have seen a PCI SCSI controller for PCs that also showed this behavior. Install that SCSI controller into your 64-bit computer and your computer contains some range of addresses where 25% of all addresses represent 32 bits of data and 75% of all addresses don't represent any data at all.
我还看到过大学学生设计的CPU，其中商业原版"允许对内存进行8位和32位访问，而学生的复本仅允许32位访问.在这种情况下，整个地址范围都会显示此行为.
I've also seen CPUs designed by students of universities where the "commercial original" allows 8- and 32-bit access to the memory but the student's replica allows only 32-bit access. In this case the whole address range shows this behavior.
顺便说一句:
在64位计算机上，我们知道地址是8个字节.
On a 64bit machine, we know that an address is 8 bytes.
即使这不一定是真的:
据我所知，x86-64 CPU仅使用48位地址.因此，编译器制造商可以将每个地址仅存储在6个字节的内存中.
As far as I know, an x86-64 CPU uses only 48-bit addresses. Therefore it would be possible for a compiler manufacturer to store each address in only 6 bytes of memory.
当然，嵌入式设备的CPU内核可以设计为使用x86-64指令集的子集，但是通常保存地址的寄存器(例如rsp)只有48位宽.
And of course CPU cores for embedded devices could be designed to use a subset of the x86-64 instruction set but registers that typically hold an address (such as rsp) are only 48 bits wide.
这篇关于一个地址中有多少个字节?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！
