带有python/COM的Windows应用程序自动化 [英] Windows Application Automation with python/COM

问题描述

我正在尝试在后台为用户自动执行ChemDraw，最好避免使用SendKeys()，因为我认为这需要ChemDraw实例才能可见.我需要做的是以编程方式单击编辑"->复制为"->"InChI"，然后从Windows剪贴板中检索结果.

I'm trying to automate ChemDraw for a user in the background, preferably avoiding using SendKeys() as I believe that requires a ChemDraw instance to be visible for that to work. What I need to do is somehow click Edit -> Copy As -> InChI programmatically, then retrieve the result from the Windows clipboard.

我们当前正在使用Python和COM脚本来尝试这种操作.这是我们当前的代码:

We're currently using Python and COM scripting to attempt this. Here's our current code:

    # Opens ChemDraw and loads the file, while keeping the window hidden.
    ChemDraw = w32.DispatchEx('ChemDraw.Application') # ChemDraw Application Object
    ChemDraw.Visible = False                          # Makes Invisible
    Compound= ChemDraw.Documents.Open(cdx_filepath)      # ChemDraw File Object (Can be seen with ChemDraw.Activate())

    # Selects the whole molecule.
    Compound.Objects.Select()

    # Here is where we need to figure out how to do CopyAs and Save off clipboard content.

    # Saves the file and Quits afterwards.
    Compound.SaveAs(jpg_filepath)
    ChemDraw.Quit()

我想我有两个问题:如何访问工具栏中的编辑"及其中的结果值?如何从类似"ChemDraw = w32.DispatchEx('ChemDraw.Application')"的行中生成的对象，并确定您可以使用该对象做什么?问题的一部分是，我们似乎无法内省最终的DispatchEx对象，因此我们很难回答自己的问题.

I guess I have two questions: how do we access "Edit" in the toolbar and the resulting values in it? How do take the resulting object made from a line like "ChemDraw = w32.DispatchEx('ChemDraw.Application')" and determine what you can do with it? Part of the issue is that we can't seem to introspect the resulting DispatchEx object, thus we're having a hard answering our own question.

推荐答案

由于COM脚本的复杂性，我认为您不能真正访问编辑菜单"，但是有一种解决方案来访问和存储InChI字符串:

Because of the intricacies of COM scripting, I don't think you can really "access the edit menu", but there's a solution to access and store an InChI string:

对于初学者，我强烈建议您使用win32com上的comtypes，因为当您使用dir()时，它会提供更多信息，据我所知，语法几乎是相同的. Win32com几乎一无所获，因此，您实质上是在暗室中寻找仅用于功能的针(除非您有可用的SDK).在这里，打开ChemDraw文件，访问Objects类，然后使用Data()方法并输入"chemical/x-inchi"(在您的情况下).我也一直在与ChemDraw合作开发一个项目，而且我必须做同样的事情，所以这就是你想要的:

For starters, I highly recommend you use comtypes over win32com because that gives a lot more information when you use dir(), and the syntax is almost identical as far as I can tell. Win32com gives little to nothing, so you're essentially looking for a needle in a dark room for mere functions (unless you have an SDK available). From there, you open the ChemDraw file, access the Objects class, then use the Data() method and input "chemical/x-inchi" (in your case). I've been working with ChemDraw for a project as well, and I had to do the same thing, so here's what you want:

import comtypes.client as w32
# Path for experimental ChemDraw File.
cdx_file = # Insert ChemDraw file path here

# Creates invisible ChemDraw object.
ChemDraw = w32.CreateObject("ChemDraw.Application")
ChemDraw.Visible = True

# Creates file object.
Compound = ChemDraw.Documents.Open(cdx_file)

# Converts file to InChI string.
file_inchi = Compound.Objects.Data("chemical/x-inchi")
print(file_inchi)

# Closes ChemDraw
ChemDraw.Quit()

P.S.:CreateObject是win32com的DispatchEx()的等效类型.

P.S.: CreateObject is the comtypes equivalent of DispatchEx() for win32com.

商品类型文档: https://pythonhosted.org/comtypes/

ChemDraw SDK: http://www.cambridgesoft. com/services/documentation/sdk/chemdraw/ActiveX11/ChemDrawControl10_P.html

ChemDraw SDK: http://www.cambridgesoft.com/services/documentation/sdk/chemdraw/ActiveX11/ChemDrawControl10_P.html

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