awk输出到BC HexToDec计算中 [英] awk output into BC HexToDec calculation

问题描述

我正在尝试组合awk和bc以便创建bash函数，以将十六进制值快速转换为正确的格式.

I am trying to combine awk and bc in order to create a bash function for quickly converting hex values into a proper format.

echo FFFFFF | VAR=$(awk '{print toupper($0)}') | "ibase=16; $((((($VAR - 5) / 100) - 1000)))" | bc

我正在尝试这样做，但似乎无法将awk的输出输入到bc参数的输入中.

I am trying this but I cant seem to get the output of awk into the input of the bc argument.

推荐答案

尽管您尝试使用awk和bc进行操作，但我在这里为您提供了最方便的选择:printf.这使您可以轻松地在十进制，八进制和十六进制之间进行转换.

Although you try to do it with awk and bc, I give you the most convenient option here : printf. This allows you to easily convert between decimal, octal and hexadecimal.

[bash] % printf "%d" 0xFFFFFF    # hex2dec
16777215
[bash] % printf "%#O" 0xFFFFFF   # hex2oct
077777777
[bash] % printf "%d" 077777777   # oct2dec
16777215
[bash] % printf "%d" 077777777   # oct2hex
0xFFFFFF
[bash] % printf "%#x" 16777215   # dec2hex
0xFFFFFF
[bash] % printf "%#O" 16777215   # dec2oct
077777777

额外的字符#要求printf为十六进制数字插入前缀0X，为八进制数字插入0.如果您以十六进制形式添加数字，请不要忘记在数字前添加前缀0x，在八进制数字前添加0.

The extra character # asks printf to insert the prefix 0X for hexadecimal numbers, and 0 for octal numbers. If you add numbers in hexadecimal form, do not forget to add the prefix 0x to the number, and 0 for octal numbers.

当然bash可以进行算术运算.

Ofcourse bash has an option to do arithmatic operations.

man bash ((expression)) 根据以下算术评估中所述的规则评估表达.如果表达式的值不为零，则返回状态为0；否则，返回状态为0.否则返回状态为1.这完全等同于let "expression".

man bash((expression)) The expression is evaluated according to the rules described below under ARITHMETIC EVALUATION. If the value of the expression is non-zero, the return status is 0; otherwise the return status is 1. This is exactly equivalent to let "expression".

这使您可以直接进行所有计算.例如.您想要0xFFFFFF并减去小数5然后除以100(十进制)并减去1000小数，您就有了

This allows you to do all your computations directly. Eg. you want 0xFFFFFF and subtract decimal 5 and divide by 100 (decimal) and subtract 1000 decimal, you have

[bash] % printf "%d" $(( (0xFFFFFF - 5)/100 - 1000 ))
166772

或者您可以全部使用十六进制::

Or you can do it all hexadecimal ::

[bash] % printf "%d" $(( (0xFFFFFF - 0x5)/0x100 - 0x1000 ))
61439

如果您现在想将这样的数字存储在变量中，则只需

If you now want to store such a number in a variable, you just do

[bash] % vardec=$( printf "%d" $(( (0xFFFFFF - 0x5)/0x100 - 0x1000 )) )
[bash] % varhex=$( printf "%#x" $(( (0xFFFFFF - 0x5)/0x100 - 0x1000 )) )
[bash] % varoct=$( printf "%#O" $(( (0xFFFFFF - 0x5)/0x100 - 0x1000 )) )

但是，十进制是一种特殊情况，您可以摆脱printf:

However, decimal is such a special case, that you can get rid of the printf:

[bash] % vardec=$(( (0xFFFFFF - 0x5)/0x100 - 0x1000 ))

bash的算术评估系统允许您以任何基数(最高为64)写任何数字，并将其转换为十进制.在这里，我将以3为底的数字3#1212转换为数字50.

The arithmetic evaluation system of bash allows you to write any number in any base (up to base 64), and convert it to decimal. Here I convert a base 3 number 3#1212 into the number 50.

[bash] % echo $(( 3#1212 ))
50

如果您想使用 zsh ，则可以转换回任何其他基准:

If you wan to use zsh, you can convert back to any other base :

[zsh] % echo $(( [##2]7 ))            # from base 10 to base 2
111
[zsh] % echo $(( [##5]3#1020101100 )) # from base 3 to base 5
1234321
[zsh] % echo $(( [##36]17#415C67A8 )) # from base 17 to base 36
ROFLOL

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