在命令行中查找并替换多行文本 [英] Find and replace multiple lines of text from command line

问题描述

我正在尝试使用还执行其他操作的脚本来编辑配置文件.

I am trying to edit a config file using a script that also performs other operations.

脚本需要查找某些连续的文本行并将其删除. 它需要粘贴新配置，该新配置从与旧配置所在的行相同的行开始.在新旧配置中，空间的使用都很重要.

The script needs to find certain consecutive lines of text and remove these. In place it needs to paste a new configuration starting on the same line as where the old configuration was. In both the old and the new configuration, use of spaces matters.

在configfile.php中，此文本块:

in configfile.php, this block of text:

  'session' => 
  array (
    'save' => 'files',
  ),

需要找到并替换为我在同一位置放在replace.txt中的内容.

needs to be found and replaced with content I put in replacement.txt at the same location.

基于对类似问题的回答，我尝试过的事情之一是:

Based on answers to similar questions, one of the things I tried is this:

cat replacement.txt <(sed -i '1,/  'session' => \n  array (\n    'save' => 'files',\n  ),/d' configfile.php) > configfile.php

这将导致一个空文件.

cat replacement.txt <(sed -i '1,/  'session' => \n  array (\n    'save' => 'files',\n  ),/d' configfile.php) > newfile.php

这和cat replace.txt> newfile.php一样，我想编辑一个文件，而不是创建一个新文件.

This does the same as cat replacement.txt > newfile.php does and I want to edit a file, not create a new file.

有人知道我的语法有什么问题以及如何解决吗?

Does anybody know what is wrong with my syntax and how I can fix it?

我在

I've asked this question before here, but I didn't completely understand myself what I wanted, so it got a bit too elaborate and confusing. I use Debian Linux.

编辑基于评论:

replacement.txt看起来像这样:

The replacement.txt looks like this:

  'session' =>
     array (
     'save' => 'redis',
     'redis' =>
        array (
          'host' => '127.0.0.1',
          'other_variable' => 'other_setting',
        )
     )
  ),

已经按照应该的方式缩进了，可以按原样插入. 使用awk或sed都可以.

It is already indented the way it should be and can be inserted as is. Use of awk or sed is both fine.

推荐答案

使用GNU awk进行多字符RS:

With GNU awk for multi-char RS:

$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN { RS="^$"; ORS="" }
ARGIND==1 { old = $0 }
ARGIND==2 { new = $0 }
ARGIND==3 {
    if ( start = index($0,old) ) {
        $0 = substr($0,1,start-1) new substr($0,start+length(old))
    }
    print
}

$ awk -f tst.awk target.txt replacement.txt configfile.php
  foo
  'session' =>
     array (
     'save' => 'redis',
     'redis' =>
        array (
          'host' => '127.0.0.1',
          'other_variable' => 'other_setting',
        )
     )
  ),
  bar

以上内容在这些输入文件上运行:

The above was run on these input files:

$ cat  target.txt
  'session' =>
  array (
    'save' => 'files',
  ),
$
$ cat replacement.txt
  'session' =>
     array (
     'save' => 'redis',
     'redis' =>
        array (
          'host' => '127.0.0.1',
          'other_variable' => 'other_setting',
        )
     )
  ),
$
$ cat configfile.php
  foo
  'session' =>
  array (
    'save' => 'files',
  ),
  bar
$

其他问题可能是:

$ cat tst.awk
FNR==1 { ++argind }
argind==1 { old = (FNR>1 ? old RS : "") $0 }
argind==2 { new = (FNR>1 ? new RS : "") $0 }
argind==3 { rec = (FNR>1 ? rec RS : "") $0 }
END {
    if ( start = index(rec,old) ) {
        rec = substr(rec,1,start-1) new substr(rec,start+length(old))
    }
    print rec
}

$ awk -f tst.awk target.txt replacement.txt configfile.php
  foo
  'session' =>
     array (
     'save' => 'redis',
     'redis' =>
        array (
          'host' => '127.0.0.1',
          'other_variable' => 'other_setting',
        )
     )
  ),
  bar

这篇关于在命令行中查找并替换多行文本的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！