如果AWK中满足条件，则打印行范围 [英] Print range of rows if a condition is met in AWK
问题描述
我想做的是使用awk在满足特定条件的行上方显示2行，在行下方显示2行.例如，我正在搜索字符串's62234'，找到后，我想打印蓝色矩形内的所有行，如所附的屏幕快照所示.
What I am trying to do is to show 2 rows above and 2 rows below a line that meets a certain criteria without a pipe, using awk. For example, I am searching for the string 's62234' and when found, I want to print all the rows bounded in the blue rectangle as shown in the attached screenshot.
这是我正在使用的文件(thefmifile.txt)
This is the file I am using (thefmifile.txt)
s62098:x:1271:504:Velizar Vrabchev,SI,3,1:/home/SI/s62098:/bin/bash
s62101:x:1272:504:Georgi Georgiev,SI,3,5:/home/SI/s62101:/bin/bash
s62108:x:1273:504:Sherif Kunch,SI,3,1:/home/SI/s62108:/bin/bash
s62111:x:1274:504:Yulian Bizeranov,SI,3,3:/home/SI/s62111:/bin/bash
s62121:x:1275:504:Daniel Dimitrov,SI,2,1:/home/SI/s62121:/bin/bash
s62133:x:1276:504:Ivaylo Ivanov,SI,2,2:/home/SI/s62133:/bin/bash
s62160:x:1277:504:Veniyana Tsolova,SI,2,3:/home/SI/s62160:/bin/bash
s62199:x:1278:504:Nikola Petrov,SI,2,5:/home/SI/s62199:/bin/bash
s62219:x:1279:504:Viliyan Ivanov,SI,2,6:/home/SI/s62219:/bin/bash
s62234:x:1280:504:Viktoriya Dobreva,SI,2,3:/home/SI/s62234:/bin/bash
s855264:x:1281:504:Toni Dupkarski,SI,4,2:/home/SI/s855264:/bin/bash
s81555:x:1282:503:Elena Georgieva,KN,2,0:/home/KN/s81555:/bin/bash
s81585:x:1283:503:Stela Marinova,KN,2,0:/home/KN/s81585:/bin/bash
s81441:x:1284:503:Vesela Plamenova Borislavova , KN, k2, g7:/home/KN/s81441:/bin/bash
s81644:x:1285:503:Viktor Rusev, KN, k2, g7:/home/KN/s81644:/bin/bash
s81628:x:1286:503:Iliyan Yordanov Yordanov, KN, k2, g6:/home/KN/s81628:/bin/bash
s81490:x:1287:503:Yana Spasova, KN, k2, g6:/home/KN/s81490:/bin/bash
我尝试过的是使用awk查找符合条件的行，并使用NR获取所需的其他行的编号，但似乎我缺少了一些东西.
What I have tried is using awk to find the row that meets the criteria and use NR to get the numbers of the other rows needed, but seems I am missing something.
这是我使用的命令:
cat thefmifile.txt | awk -F ':' '$1==s62234 {for (x = NR -2; x <= NR + 2; x++){print}}'
输出在下面的屏幕截图中.
Output is in the below screenshot.
这是所需的输出:
s62199:x:1278:504:Nikola Petrov,SI,2,5:/home/SI/s62199:/bin/bash
s62219:x:1279:504:Viliyan Ivanov,SI,2,6:/home/SI/s62219:/bin/bash
s62234:x:1280:504:Viktoriya Dobreva,SI,2,3:/home/SI/s62234:/bin/bash
s855264:x:1281:504:Toni Dupkarski,SI,4,2:/home/SI/s855264:/bin/bash
s81555:x:1282:503:Elena Georgieva,KN,2,0:/home/KN/s81555:/bin/bash
当它是{print x}时，它显示了我需要的行号，但是有某种方法可以将文件的行作为数组中的元素来访问，而只是使用此"x"作为索引(例如，某些像NR [x])?
When it is {print x} it shows the numbers of the lines I need, but is there some way to access the lines of the file as elements in array and just to use this 'x' as an index (e.g. something like NR[x])?
或者还有其他方法可以检索这些行? 谢谢！
Or Is there some other way to retrieve these rows? Thank you!
推荐答案
能否请您尝试以下操作，简单的grep就可以完成此任务.
Could you please try following, simple grep could handle this task.
grep -A2 -B2 '^s62234:' Input_file
更准确地说，您可以尝试使用以下命令将确切的字符串与grep匹配:
Also more accurately you could try following to match exact string with grep:
grep -C2 '^s62234:' Input_file
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