将时间从字母数字格式转换为数字格式 [英] Format time from alphanumeric to numeric
问题描述
我有一个文本文件:
ifile.txt
x y z t value
1 1 5 01hr01Jan2018 3
1 1 5 02hr01Jan2018 3.1
1 1 5 03hr01Jan2018 3.2
1 3.4 3 01hr01Jan2018 4.1
1 3.4 3 02hr01Jan2018 6.1
1 3.4 3 03hr01Jan2018 1.1
1 4.2 6 01hr01Jan2018 6.33
1 4.2 6 02hr01Jan2018 8.33
1 4.2 6 03hr01Jan2018 5.33
3.4 1 2 01hr01Jan2018 3.5
3.4 1 2 02hr01Jan2018 5.65
3.4 1 2 03hr01Jan2018 3.66
3.4 3.4 4 01hr01Jan2018 6.32
3.4 3.4 4 02hr01Jan2018 9.32
3.4 3.4 4 03hr01Jan2018 12.32
3.4 4.2 8.1 01hr01Jan2018 7.43
3.4 4.2 8.1 02hr01Jan2018 7.93
3.4 4.2 8.1 03hr01Jan2018 5.43
4.2 1 3.4 01hr01Jan2018 6.12
4.2 1 3.4 02hr01Jan2018 7.15
4.2 1 3.4 03hr01Jan2018 9.12
4.2 3.4 5.5 01hr01Jan2018 2.2
4.2 3.4 5.5 02hr01Jan2018 3.42
4.2 3.4 5.5 03hr01Jan2018 3.21
4.2 4.2 6.2 01hr01Jan2018 1.3
4.2 4.2 6.2 02hr01Jan2018 3.4
4.2 4.2 6.2 03hr01Jan2018 1
说明:每个坐标(x，y)都有一个z值和三个时间值.空格不是制表符.它们是空格序列.
Explanation: Each coordinate (x,y) has a z-value and three time values. The spaces are not tabs. They are sequence of spaces.
我想将t列的格式从字母数字转换为数字，然后转换为csv文件.我的预期输出是:
I would like to format the t-column from alphanumeric to numeric and then convert to a csv file. My expected output is as:
ofile.txt
x,y,z,201801010100,201801010200,201801010300
1,1,5,3,3.1,3.2
1,3.4,3,4.1,6.1,1.1
1,4.2,6,6.33,8.33,5.33
3.4,1,2,3.5,5.65,3.66
3.4,3.4,4,6.32,9.32,12.32
3.4,4.2,8.1,7.43,7.93,5.43
4.2,1,3.4,6.12,7.15,9.12
4.2,3.4,5.5,2.2,3.42,3.21
4.2,4.2,6.2,1.3,3.4,1
The desire time format is replaced with YYYYMMDDHHMin.
我之前曾问过这个问题的一部分.请参阅格式，然后将txt转换为使用shell脚本和awk 的csv.但是，我无法在以下脚本中更改时间格式.
I had asked part of this question previously. Please see Format and then convert txt to csv using shell script and awk. However I can't able to change the time format within the following script.
awk -v OFS=, '{k=$1 OFS $2 OFS $3}
!($4 in hdr){hn[++h]=$4; hdr[$4]}
k in row{row[k]=row[k] OFS $5; next}
{rn[++n]=k; row[k]=$5}
END {
printf "%s", rn[1]
for(i=1; i<=h; i++)
printf "%s", OFS hn[i]
print ""
for (i=2; i<=n; i++)
print rn[i], row[rn[i]]
}' ifile.txt
推荐答案
扩大我对上一个问题的回答:
Expanding on my answer from your previous question:
gawk '
BEGIN {
SUBSEP = OFS = ","
month["Jan"] = "01"; month["Feb"] = "02"; month["Mar"] = "03";
month["Apr"] = "04"; month["May"] = "05"; month["Jun"] = "06";
month["Jul"] = "07"; month["Aug"] = "08"; month["Sep"] = "09";
month["Oct"] = "10"; month["Nov"] = "11"; month["Dec"] = "12";
}
function timestamp_to_numeric(s) {
# 03hr31Jan2001 => 200101310300
return substr(s,10,4) month[substr(s,7,3)] substr(s,5,2) substr(s,1,2) "00"
}
NR==1 {next}
{g = timestamp_to_numeric($4); groups[g]; value[$1,$2,$3][g] = $5}
END {
PROCINFO["sorted_in"] = "@ind_str_asc"
printf "x,y,z"; for (g in groups) printf ",%s", g; printf "\n"
for (a in value) {
printf "%s", a
for (g in groups) printf "%s%s", OFS, 0+value[a][g]
printf "\n"
}
}
' ifile.txt
x,y,z,201801010100,201801010200,201801010300
1,1,5,3,3.1,3.2
1,3.4,3,4.1,6.1,1.1
1,4.2,6,6.33,8.33,5.33
3.4,1,2,3.5,5.65,3.66
3.4,3.4,4,6.32,9.32,12.32
3.4,4.2,8.1,7.43,7.93,5.43
4.2,1,3.4,6.12,7.15,9.12
4.2,3.4,5.5,2.2,3.42,3.21
4.2,4.2,6.2,1.3,3.4,1
您必须在月份名称和月份编号之间创建一个映射，然后创建一个将时间戳转换为新格式的函数.除此之外，代码是相同的.
You have to create a mapping between the month name and the month number, then create a function to transform the timestamp to the new format. Beyond that, the code is the same.
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