如何制作重叠的barplot? [英] How to make an overlapping barplot?
本文介绍了如何制作重叠的barplot?的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
以标准"方式绘制地物
dat <- read.table(text = "A B
+ 1 1 4
+ 2 2 3
+ 3 3 2
+ 4 4 1", header = TRUE)
barplot(as.matrix(dat))
给出如下这样的流程图:
相反，我想像这样重叠不同的表情</p>
如何在R中绘制这样的图?
解决方案
我使用了两种方法:
(counts <- with(diamonds, table(cut, clarity)))
# clarity
# cut I1 SI2 SI1 VS2 VS1 VVS2 VVS1 IF
# Fair 210 466 408 261 170 69 17 9
# Good 96 1081 1560 978 648 286 186 71
# Very Good 84 2100 3240 2591 1775 1235 789 268
# Premium 205 2949 3575 3357 1989 870 616 230
# Ideal 146 2598 4282 5071 3589 2606 2047 1212
在ggplot中非常容易
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(diamonds, aes(clarity, fill = cut)) +
geom_bar(position = 'identity', alpha = .3)
以R为底
par(xpd = TRUE, mar = c(4,4,2,2))
invisible(sapply(1:nrow(counts), function(x)
barplot(counts[x, ], axes = FALSE, axisnames = FALSE,
main = 'identity', border = NA,
col = tcol(ggcols(5)[x], 50),
axis.lty = 1, ylim = c(0, 5000),
add = ifelse(x == 1, FALSE, TRUE))))
axis(1, at = barplot(counts, plot = FALSE), labels = colnames(counts))
axis(2, at = seq(0, 5000, 1000), labels = seq(0, 5000, 1000))
legend('topright', bty = 'n', title = 'cut',
legend = rownames(counts), fill = tcol(ggcols(5), 100))
我从个人包装中使用了此透明颜色功能:
#' Transparent colors
#'
#' Add transparency to colors
#'
#' @usage tcol(color, trans = 255)
#'
#' @param color single or string of color names (or hexadecimal format)
#' @param trans transparency defined as an integer in the range
#' \code{[0, 255]} where \code{0} is fully transparent and \code{255} is fully
#' visible; see details
#'
#' @details This is a vectorized function to add transparency to colors.
#' \code{color} and \code{trans} must either be the same length or one of the
#' two must have length one.
#'
#' The function adds integers (in hex) between 0 (fully transparent) and 255
#' (fully visible) to the color(s) given. \code{color} values are converted to
#' RGB with transparency.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{num2hex}}, \code{\link{col2rgb}}
#'
#' @examples
#' cols <- c('red','green','pink')
#'
#' # a normal plot
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols), pch = 16, cex = 4)
#'
#' # more transparent
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols, 100), pch = 16, cex = 4)
#'
#' # hexadecimal colors also work
#' cols <- c('#FF0000','#00FF00','#FFC0CB')
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols, 200), pch= 16, cex = 4)
#' @export
tcol <- function(color, trans = 255) {
if (length(color) != length(trans) &
!any(c(length(color), length(trans)) == 1))
stop('Vector lengths not correct')
if (length(color) == 1 & length(trans) > 1)
color <- rep(color, length(trans))
if (length(trans) == 1 & length(color) > 1)
trans <- rep(trans, length(color))
res <- paste0('#', apply(apply(rbind(col2rgb(color)), 2, function(x)
format(as.hexmode(x), 2)), 2, paste, collapse = ''))
res <- unlist(unname(Map(paste0, res, as.character(as.hexmode(trans)))))
res[is.na(color)] <- NA
return(res)
}
并匹配ggplot颜色:
ggcols <- function (n, l = 65, c = 100) {
hues <- seq(15, 375, length = n + 1)
hcl(h = hues, l = l, c = c)[1:n]
}
Making a barplot the 'standard' way
dat <- read.table(text = "A B
+ 1 1 4
+ 2 2 3
+ 3 3 2
+ 4 4 1", header = TRUE)
barplot(as.matrix(dat))
gives a barplot like this:
Instead, I would like to have the different segnments to overlap, like so
How can I make such a plot in R?
解决方案
There are two ways I have used:
(counts <- with(diamonds, table(cut, clarity)))
# clarity
# cut I1 SI2 SI1 VS2 VS1 VVS2 VVS1 IF
# Fair 210 466 408 261 170 69 17 9
# Good 96 1081 1560 978 648 286 186 71
# Very Good 84 2100 3240 2591 1775 1235 789 268
# Premium 205 2949 3575 3357 1989 870 616 230
# Ideal 146 2598 4282 5071 3589 2606 2047 1212
It is painfully easy in ggplot
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(diamonds, aes(clarity, fill = cut)) +
geom_bar(position = 'identity', alpha = .3)
In base R
par(xpd = TRUE, mar = c(4,4,2,2))
invisible(sapply(1:nrow(counts), function(x)
barplot(counts[x, ], axes = FALSE, axisnames = FALSE,
main = 'identity', border = NA,
col = tcol(ggcols(5)[x], 50),
axis.lty = 1, ylim = c(0, 5000),
add = ifelse(x == 1, FALSE, TRUE))))
axis(1, at = barplot(counts, plot = FALSE), labels = colnames(counts))
axis(2, at = seq(0, 5000, 1000), labels = seq(0, 5000, 1000))
legend('topright', bty = 'n', title = 'cut',
legend = rownames(counts), fill = tcol(ggcols(5), 100))
I used this transparent color function from a personal package:
#' Transparent colors
#'
#' Add transparency to colors
#'
#' @usage tcol(color, trans = 255)
#'
#' @param color single or string of color names (or hexadecimal format)
#' @param trans transparency defined as an integer in the range
#' \code{[0, 255]} where \code{0} is fully transparent and \code{255} is fully
#' visible; see details
#'
#' @details This is a vectorized function to add transparency to colors.
#' \code{color} and \code{trans} must either be the same length or one of the
#' two must have length one.
#'
#' The function adds integers (in hex) between 0 (fully transparent) and 255
#' (fully visible) to the color(s) given. \code{color} values are converted to
#' RGB with transparency.
#'
#' @seealso \code{\link{num2hex}}, \code{\link{col2rgb}}
#'
#' @examples
#' cols <- c('red','green','pink')
#'
#' # a normal plot
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols), pch = 16, cex = 4)
#'
#' # more transparent
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols, 100), pch = 16, cex = 4)
#'
#' # hexadecimal colors also work
#' cols <- c('#FF0000','#00FF00','#FFC0CB')
#' plot(rnorm(100), col = tcol(cols, 200), pch= 16, cex = 4)
#' @export
tcol <- function(color, trans = 255) {
if (length(color) != length(trans) &
!any(c(length(color), length(trans)) == 1))
stop('Vector lengths not correct')
if (length(color) == 1 & length(trans) > 1)
color <- rep(color, length(trans))
if (length(trans) == 1 & length(color) > 1)
trans <- rep(trans, length(color))
res <- paste0('#', apply(apply(rbind(col2rgb(color)), 2, function(x)
format(as.hexmode(x), 2)), 2, paste, collapse = ''))
res <- unlist(unname(Map(paste0, res, as.character(as.hexmode(trans)))))
res[is.na(color)] <- NA
return(res)
}
And to match the ggplot colors:
ggcols <- function (n, l = 65, c = 100) {
hues <- seq(15, 375, length = n + 1)
hcl(h = hues, l = l, c = c)[1:n]
}
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