如何遍历目录中的文件并更改路径并将后缀添加到文件名 [英] How to loop over files in directory and change path and add suffix to filename

问题描述

我需要编写一个脚本以不同的参数启动程序，但是我是Bash的新手.我从以下程序开始程序:

I need to write a script that starts my program with different arguments, but I'm new to Bash. I start my program with:

./MyProgram.exe Data/data1.txt [Logs/data1_Log.txt].

这是我要执行的操作的伪代码:

Here is the pseudocode for what I want to do:

for each filename in /Data do
  for int i = 0, i = 3, i++
    ./MyProgram.exe Data/filename.txt Logs/filename_Log{i}.txt
  end for
end for

所以我真的很困惑如何从第一个参数创建第二个参数，因此它看起来像dataABCD_Log1.txt并启动我的程序.

So I'm really puzzled how to create second argument from the first one, so it looks like dataABCD_Log1.txt and start my program.

推荐答案

首先要注意以下几点:当使用Data/data1.txt作为参数时，它真的应该是/Data/data1.txt(带斜杠)吗?另外，外循环应仅扫描.txt文件还是/Data中的所有文件?这是一个答案，假设仅/Data/data1.txt和.txt文件:

A couple of notes first: when you use Data/data1.txt as an argument, should it really be /Data/data1.txt (with a leading slash)? Also, should the outer loop scan only for .txt files, or all files in /Data? Here's an answer, assuming /Data/data1.txt and .txt files only:

#!/bin/bash
for filename in /Data/*.txt; do
    for ((i=0; i<=3; i++)); do
        ./MyProgram.exe "$filename" "Logs/$(basename "$filename" .txt)_Log$i.txt"
    done
done

注意:

• /Data/*.txt扩展到/Data中的文本文件的路径(包括/Data/部分)
• $( ... )运行shell命令，并将其输出插入命令行中的该点.
• basename somepath .txt输出somepath的基础部分，.txt从末尾删除(例如/Data/file.txt-> file)

• /Data/*.txt expands to the paths of the text files in /Data (including the /Data/ part)
• $( ... ) runs a shell command and inserts its output at that point in the command line
• basename somepath .txt outputs the base part of somepath, with .txt removed from the end (e.g. /Data/file.txt -> file)

如果需要使用Data/file.txt而不是/Data/file.txt运行MyProgram，请使用"${filename#/}"删除前导斜杠.另一方面，如果您要扫描的确实是Data而不是/Data，请使用for filename in Data/*.txt.

If you needed to run MyProgram with Data/file.txt instead of /Data/file.txt, use "${filename#/}" to remove the leading slash. On the other hand, if it's really Data not /Data you want to scan, just use for filename in Data/*.txt.

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