在Bash中使用getopts检索单个选项的多个参数 [英] Retrieving multiple arguments for a single option using getopts in Bash

问题描述

我需要有关getopts的帮助.

我创建了一个Bash脚本，运行时如下所示:

I created a Bash script which looks like this when run:

$ foo.sh -i env -d目录-s子目录-f文件

$ foo.sh -i env -d directory -s subdirectory -f file

当处理每个标志的一个参数时，它可以正常工作.但是，当我从每个标志调用多个参数时，我不确定如何从getopts中的变量中提取多个变量信息.

It works correctly when handling one argument from each flag. But when I invoke several arguments from each flag I am not sure how to pull the multiple variable information out of the variables in getopts.

while getopts ":i:d:s:f:" opt
   do
     case $opt in
        i ) initial=$OPTARG;;
        d ) dir=$OPTARG;;
        s ) sub=$OPTARG;;
        f ) files=$OPTARG;;

     esac
done

在获取了选项之后，我想从变量中构建目录结构

After grabbing the options I then want to build directory structures from the variables

foo.sh -i test -d directory -s subdirectory -s subdirectory2 -f file1 file2 file3

然后目录结构为

/test/directory/subdirectory/file1
/test/directory/subdirectory/file2
/test/directory/subdirectory/file3
/test/directory/subdirectory2/file1
/test/directory/subdirectory2/file2
/test/directory/subdirectory2/file3

有什么想法吗?

推荐答案

您可以多次使用同一选项，并将所有值添加到数组中.

对于这里非常具体的原始问题，Ryan的mkdir -p解决方案显然是最好的.

For the very specific original question here, Ryan's mkdir -p solution is obviously the best.

但是，对于以下更普遍的问题:使用getopts从同一选项中获取多个值，它是:

However, for the more general question of getting multiple values from the same option with getopts, here it is:

#!/bin/bash

while getopts "m:" opt; do
    case $opt in
        m) multi+=("$OPTARG");;
        #...
    esac
done
shift $((OPTIND -1))

echo "The first value of the array 'multi' is '$multi'"
echo "The whole list of values is '${multi[@]}'"

echo "Or:"

for val in "${multi[@]}"; do
    echo " - $val"
done

输出为:

$ /tmp/t
The first value of the array 'multi' is ''
The whole list of values is ''
Or:

$ /tmp/t -m "one arg with spaces"
The first value of the array 'multi' is 'one arg with spaces'
The whole list of values is 'one arg with spaces'
Or:
 - one arg with spaces

$ /tmp/t -m one -m "second argument" -m three
The first value of the array 'multi' is 'one'
The whole list of values is 'one second argument three'
Or:
 - one
 - second argument
 - three

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